Erratum to: Transition metal alloys of extraordinary stability; An example of generalized Lewis-acid-base interactions i
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T H E c h e m i c a l b e h a v i o r of the e l e m e n t s i s d e t e r m i n e d p r i m a r i l y by the n u m b e r of v a l e n c e e l e c t r o n s p e r a t o m , the d i s t r i b u t i o n of t h e s e e l e c t r o n s among the s, p, d, and f s u b s h e l l s , and by the a t o m i c o r ionic s i z e . A n u m b e r of m o d e l s have been d e v i s e d to p r e d i c t c h e m i c a l b e h a v i o r f r o m the i n f o r m a t i o n on e l e c t r o n i c c o n f i g u r a t i o n s of the e l e m e n t s d e r i v e d f r o m a t o m i c s p e c t r o s c o p y . 1-4 The p r e s e n t p a p e r will d e a l with s o m e a s p e c t s of the t h e r m o d y n a m i c s of t r a n s i t i o n m e t a l a l l o y s . Although s i z e and i n t e r n a l p r e s s u r e d i f f e r e n c e s p l a y an i m p o r t a n t r o l e s in fixing the Gibbs e n e r g y of a l l o y s , it i s the p u r p o s e of t h i s p a p e r to focus on the r o l e of e l e c t r o n i c c o n f i g u r a t i o n s in fixing the t h e r m o d y n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s of a l l o y s . In p a r t i c u l a r , we w i s h to c o n s i d e r a l l o y s in which one of the c o m p o n e n t s i s a t r a n s i t i o n m e t a l with s o m e c o m p l e t e l y v a cant 4 d o r 5 d o r b i t a l s , e.g. the d o r b i t a l s contain l e s s than five d e l e c t r o n s , and the o t h e r component i s a 4d o r 5d t r a n s i t i o n m e t a l with so m a n y d e l e c t r o n s , e.g. m o r e than five d e l e c t r o n s , that s o m e of the e l e c t r o n s m u s t be p a i r e d i n t e r n a l l y and thus be u n a v a i l a b l e f o r bonding in the p u r e m e t a l . The Engel c o r r e l a t i o n 4-~2 b e t w e e n c r y s t a l s t r u c t u r e and e l e c t r o n c o n f i g u r a t i o n p r o v i d e s a m e a n s of c a l c u l a t i n g the t h e r m o d y n a m i c s t a b i l i t y of d i f f e r e n t c r y s t a l l i n e m o d i f i c a t i o n s of a m e t a l when s p e c t r o s c o p i c d a t a for the g a s e o u s a t o m s a r e a v a i l a b l e 13 o r , c o n v e r s e l y , s p e c t r o s c o p i c d a t a can be c a l c u l a t e d 9 when t h e r m o d y n a m i c d a t a for the m e t a l s are available. T u n g s t e n m e t a l can be t a k e n a s an e x a m p l e of the c a l c u l a t i o n of the e l e c t r o n i c c o n f i g u r a t i o n in the m e t a l l i c s t a t e f r o m t h e s p e c t r o s c o p i c d a t a for the g a s e o u s a t o m . The ground s t a t e of g a s e o u s t u n g s t e n i s the 5D LEO BREWER is head of Inorganic Materials Research Division and Associate Director, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and Professor, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Calif. 94720. PAUL R. WENGERT is Research Engineer, Glass Engineering Research, Owens-Illinois Technical Center, Toledo, Ohio 43601. Manuscript submitted March 30, 1972. METALLURGICAL TRANSACTIONS
l e v e l of the d4s ~ c o n f i g u r a t i o n , x3 The 7S l e v e l of
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