Evaluating International Public Health Issues Critical Reflections
This book makes an original contribution in addressing contemporary critical discussions and reflections on international health policies, strategies, programmes, systems, diseases, disasters, and public health issues. It includes reflections on how level
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Evaluating International Public Health Issues Critical Reflections on Diseases and Disasters, Policies and Practices
Evaluating International Public Health Issues
Mbuso Precious Mabuza
Evaluating International Public Health Issues Critical Reflections on Diseases and Disasters, Policies and Practices
Mbuso Precious Mabuza Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, MD, USA
ISBN 978-981-13-9786-8 ISBN 978-981-13-9787-5 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9787-5 © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore
To my family, here is to posterity!
Foreword
Health is a state of complete harmony of the body, mind and spirit. When one is free from physical disabilities and mental distractions, the gates of the soul open. (BKS Iyengar)
In any society, the survival of human beings is determined by bridging factors within the healthcare environment. The dynamics of culture is one factor that is dominant in this equation where it is seen as the way of life of a particular group of people, especially as shown in their ordinary behaviour and habits, their attitudes towards each other and their moral and religious beliefs. It should be borne in mind that individuals within a culture have basic needs to satisfy and their higher-order needs will only be addressed if the situation and circumstances are conducive. The economic environment is shaped by the gross national income per capita which is determined by income growth, inflation, exchange rates and population change which guide the level and quality of existence of individuals. It is against this background where policy and programme challenges in low-, middle- and high-i
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