Evaluation of retinal and choroidal variations in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy using optical coherence tomography a
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Evaluation of retinal and choroidal variations in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy using optical coherence tomography angiography Lanchu Yu1†, Qin Jiao1†, Yu Cheng1, Yanji Zhu1, Zhongjing Lin2*
and Xi Shen1*
Abstract Background: To investigate the difference in retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, choroidal thickness (CT) and superficial retinal vessels between thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) patients and healthy controls. To identify the potential influencing factors for these parameters and evaluate their diagnostic abilities in TAO. Methods: Twenty active TAO patients, 33 inactive TAO patients and 29 healthy participants were enrolled. TAO patients were divided according to the clinical activity score (CAS). RNFL thickness and CT were measured by HDOCT, while foveal avascular zone (FAZ), vascular density and perfusion density were measured by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). SPSS software was used for statistical analysis. Results: Active TAO patients had thinner RNFL thickness than the other two groups (P < 0.001, P < 0.001). Both active and inactive TAO patients had significantly higher CT in the macular region (all P < 0.05). The FAZ area in the active TAO group was significantly larger than the other two groups (P = 0.045, P = 0.001). The inactive TAO group had significantly higher vascular density than the other two groups (all P < 0.05). With regard to the perfusion density, significant differences were observed in the temporal and inferior areas (P = 0.045, P = 0.001), as well as the average values (P = 0.032). The FAZ area was positively correlated with intraocular pressure (r = 0.274, P = 0.013), while it was negatively correlated with axial length (r = − 0.344, P = 0.002). The vascular density and perfusion density were not significantly correlated with different clinical variables (all P > 0.05). The AUC analysis indicated these parameters also exhibited a significant discriminatory power in TAO diagnosis. Conclusions: TAO patients had significant variations in RNFL thickness, choroidal thickness, FAZ area and superficial retinal vessels. These parameters appeared to be potential adjuncts in the evaluation of TAO patients. Keywords: Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy, Optical coherence tomography angiography, Choroidal thickness, Retinal nerve fiber layer
* Correspondence: [email protected]; [email protected] † Lanchu Yu and Qin Jiao contributed equally to this work. 2 Department of Ophthalmology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital Affiliated Medical School, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pu Jian Road, Shanghai 200127, China 1 Department of Ophthalmology, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China © The Author(s). 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate cre
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