Exogenous crimes and the assessment of public safety efficiency and effectiveness
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Exogenous crimes and the assessment of public safety efficiency and effectiveness Thyago Celso Cavalcante Nepomuceno1,2 · Katarina Tatiana Marques Santiago2 · Cinzia Daraio1 · Ana Paula Cabral Seixas Costa2
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This work discusses the issue on how to include data about property and violent crimes in the production technology for the assessment of police technical efficiency. It applies recent advances in Directional Distances and Nonparametric Estimators. We claim that crime is an external variable not under the control of the decision units in view of the fact that it is exogenously determined. The results from the Conditional Directional Dis‑ tance Analysis can be relevant to cities with high property misdemeanors and homicide rates. Our analysis may be helpful to obtain a more robust and fair classification of police and justice units under similar circumstances, determine the empirical effect of crime on police productivity, their optimal input–output relationship, explore potential associations and compensation effects, and rewarding efficient policy makers in the prevention of crime based on measures of police efficiency and effectiveness. Keywords Data envelopment analysis (DEA) · Directional distance functions (DDF) · Free disposal hull (FDH) · Exogenous factors · Crime · Conditional frontier · Police efficiency · Policing · Pernambuco · Brazil
* Thyago Celso Cavalcante Nepomuceno [email protected] https://www.dis.uniroma1.it https://www.ufpe.br/dep Katarina Tatiana Marques Santiago [email protected] https://www.ufpe.br/dep Cinzia Daraio [email protected] https://www.dis.uniroma1.it Ana Paula Cabral Seixas Costa [email protected] https://www.ufpe.br/dep 1
Sapienza University of Rome, Via Ariosto, 25, 00185 Rome, Italy
2
Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE 50670‑901, Brazil
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Vol.:(0123456789)
Annals of Operations Research
1 Introduction Stimulating best practices and increasing the performance of sworn officers to cope with the critical issue of public safety are some of the main objectives of managing public resources to provide a safe atmosphere for the citizens, and some of the important pros‑ pects the Efficiency and Productivity Analysis (PEA) methodologies can provide. The measure of efficiency traditionally derived from PEA methodologies can be understood from the frontier analysis perspective as a ratio of produced outputs over the used resources or inputs. This concept developed by Farrell (1957) and Shephard (1970) was popularized by Charnes et al. (1978). In the so-called Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) an inefficient unit can become efficient producing more results with the same level of resources or pro‑ ducing the same level of results with fewer resources, or a combination of both. Today, the field of efficiency analysis are wide popularized by means of outnumbered theoretical contributions, surveys, empir
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