Experimental Study of Hydrogen Addition on Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel-Diesel-Butanol Fuel Blends in a DI Diesel Engine
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Experimental Study of Hydrogen Addition on Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel-Diesel-Butanol Fuel Blends in a DI Diesel Engine Selçuk Sarıkoç 1
&
Sebahattin Ünalan 2 & İlker Örs 3
Published online: 2 May 2019 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract In this study, the effects of hydrogen addition on diesel-biodiesel-butanol fuel blends were investigated in terms of engine performance, combustion, and emission characteristics under different engine operating conditions. The experiments were performed with eight different fuel blends at a constant engine speed of 2000 rpm, which is the maximum torque value of all test fuels. The four operating conditions were at 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% engine loads. Hydrogen was delivered to dieselbiodiesel-butanol fuel blends through the intake manifold with different rates of fuel mass consumption. The experiment results were compared with euro diesel and absence of hydrogen addition for all test fuels. The experimental results have revealed that at 2000 rpm engine speed, the brake torque, in-cylinder pressure, and exhaust gas temperature increased with the addition of hydrogen. Nevertheless, the brake-specific fuel consumption, carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrocarbon (HC), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and smoke opacity emissions decreased under various engine conditions. The heat release rate was generally shown to be decreased with higher engine loads and increased with lower engine load conditions, while a rise in thermal efficiency was observed. Therefore, the addition of hydrogen in a diesel engine usually exhibited fewer emissions, improved the combustion process, and increased the brake torques of the engine by comparison to the absence of hydrogen addition. Keywords Hydrogen addition . Diesel-biodiesel-butanol fuel blends . Engine performance . Combustion characteristics . Exhaust emissions
Nomenclature ABDC EVO ATDC HC be HRRmax Be ID
After bottom dead center Exhaust valve open After top dead center Hydrocarbon Effective brake-specific fuel consumption (g/kWh) Maximum heat release rate Effective fuel consumption (g/h) Ignition delay
BBDC IT BP IVC BSFC IVO BTDC LHV B20 Me B20But5
* Selçuk Sarıkoç [email protected] 1
Energy Division, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bayburt University, 69000 Bayburt, Turkey
2
Energy Division, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey
3
Cihanbeyli Vocational School, Department of Motor Vehicles and Transportation Technology, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
n B20But5 + H2
NaOH B20But10 NO
Before bottom dead center Injection time Brake power (kW) Intake valve closed Brake-specific fuel consumption Intake valve open Before top dead center Lower heating value 20% biodiesel plus 80% euro diesel (volumetric) Effective engine torque (Nm) 20% biodiesel plus 75% euro diesel plus 5% butanol (volumetric) Engine speed (rpm) 20% biodiesel plus 75% euro diesel plus 5% butanol (volumetric) + hydrogen Sodium hydroxide 20% biodiesel plus 70% euro diesel pl
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