Fabrication, carrier transport mechanisms and photovoltaic properties of Au/silicon phthalocyanine dichloride/p-Si/Al he
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Fabrication, carrier transport mechanisms and photovoltaic properties of Au/silicon phthalocyanine dichloride/p‑Si/Al heterojunction device D. G. El‑Damhogi1 · H. M. El‑Mallah1 · Mohamed Abd el‑Salam2 · E. Elesh3 Received: 30 April 2020 / Accepted: 11 September 2020 / Published online: 21 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This research paper aims to study the carrier transport mechanisms and photovoltaic properties of the S iPcCl2 thin film. To achieve this, Au/silicon phthalocyanine dichloride (SiPcCl2)/p-Si/Al heterojunction device was prepared. The heterojunction microelectronic parameters such as ideality factor, m and reverse current Is were estimated at room temperature and found to be 6.77 and 408 nA respectively. The series resistance R s of the fabricated device was also calculated. Two mechanisms were deduced in S iPcCl2/p-Si according to the voltage range. The results revealed that the height of effective barrier 𝜑bi is clearly increased from 0.71 to 0.80 eV. Moreover, the photovoltaic properties of Au/SiPcCl2/p-Si/ Al cell were studied under illumination such as the short circuit current, Isc, open circuit voltage, Voc, maximum current IM, maximum voltage, VM, filling factor FF and power conversion efficiency, η were measured to be 0.59 mA, 0.47 V, 0.44 mA, and 0.24 V, 0.40 and 3.7% respectively. The topographical properties of the S iPcCl2 thin film deposited on the flat glass substrate were investigated using atomic force microscope method. Keywords Phthalocyanine derivative · Au/(SiPcCl2)/(p-Si)/Al heterojunction device · Conduction mechanisms
1 Introduction Nowadays, organic semiconductors considered as desirable materials compared to inorganic semiconductors, due to their advantages like low costs in the device fabrication and great compatibility with substrates (Nawar et al. 2020). These materials can be used in a number of optoelectronic and electronic applications such as light emitting diodes (Kao et al. 2006), solar cells (Khan et al. 2011; Chen et al. 2009), diode rectification (Shah et al. * D. G. El‑Damhogi [email protected] 1
Department of Physics and Mathematical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Port Said, Port Fuad 42526, Egypt
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Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Suez Canal, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Port Said, Port Fuad 42522, Egypt
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2011), field-effect transistors (Sirringhaus et al. 2000), and nuclear radiation detectors (Ray et al. 2009). In many countries around the world, applications of renewable energy sources, especially the solar energy, are commonly used (Elminshawy et al. 2019a). Solar cells are considered an effective, environmentally friendly, and easy source of renewable energy, converting solar radiation directly into electrical energy (Elminshawy et al. 2019b). Hybrid solar cells add the advantages of organic semiconducto
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