Feasibility of mercury (II) ion removal by nitrated polycarbonate derived from waste optical discs
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Feasibility of mercury (II) ion removal by nitrated polycarbonate derived from waste optical discs S. A. Abdallah1,2 · K. S. Tay1 · K. H. Low1 Received: 23 December 2019 / Revised: 22 April 2020 / Accepted: 27 April 2020 © Islamic Azad University (IAU) 2020
Abstract Advanced technology has led to the generation of the massive amount of electrical and electronic wastes, including compact discs and digital versatile discs. These optical discs are often ended up in landfills and incinerators, resulting in severe environmental degradation. This research aims to recover polycarbonate from waste optical discs and exploring its potential as a sorbent for the removal of mercury in water. The recovered polycarbonate was nitrated to enhance its efficiency in removing mercury (II) ion. The nitrated polycarbonate was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Brunauer–Emmett– Teller surface area analysis. Response surface methodology was employed to investigate the effects of agitation rate, contact time, pH, initial concentration, sorbent dosage on the mercury (II) ion removal efficiency via a central composite design. According to the quadratic model, an optimum response can be achieved at 188.6 rpm of agitation, 150 min of contact time, pH 7.55 and 1.50 mg/L of initial mercury (II) ion concentration. The adsorption process was found to follow the Freundlich isotherm model, and the adsorption mechanism was found to obey the pseudo-second-order kinetic model that indicates the chemisorption process. The results of this study showed that the nitrated PC with a maximum adsorption capacity of 0.289 mg/g has the potential to be used as a sorbent in water treatment for the removal of mercury (II) ion in water. Keywords Adsorption · Design of experiments · E-waste · Heavy metal · Waste to wealth
Introduction Due to rapid advancement in technology, the amount of discarded electrical and electronic devices or so-called e-waste has increased rapidly around the world. Optical discs such as compact discs (CDs) and digital versatile discs (DVDs) Editorial responsibility: J. Aravind. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-020-02758-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * K. S. Tay [email protected] * K. H. Low [email protected] 1
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Department of Science Laboratory Technology, College of Science and Technology, Hussaini Adamu Federal Polytechnic, P.M.B. 5004, Kazaure, Jigawa State, Nigeria
2
constituted a significant fraction of e-waste in landfill (Noorimotlagh et al. 2019). These optical discs contain a large portion of polycarbonate (PC, ~ 95%), and this has brought about the concerns related to the release of bisphenol-A, the monomer of polycarbonate which is known to be the endoc
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