Field Measurements of Plant Emissivity Spectra: An Experimental Study on Remote Sensing of Vegetation in the Thermal Inf
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Field Measurements of Plant Emissivity Spectra: An Experimental Study on Remote Sensing of Vegetation in the Thermal Infrared Region M. R. Pandya & D. B. Shah & H. J. Trivedi & M. M. Lunagaria & V. Pandey & S. Panigrahy & J. S. Parihar
Received: 19 January 2013 / Accepted: 16 April 2013 # Indian Society of Remote Sensing 2013
Abstract Spectral features of plant species in the visible to SWIR (0.4–2.5 μm) region have been studied extensively, but scanty attention has been given to plant thermal infrared (TIR: 4–14 μm) properties. This paper presents preliminary results of a study that was conducted first time in India to measure radiance and emissivity properties of eight plant species in TIR spectral region in the field conditions using a FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) field spectroradiometer working in 4–14 μm at an agriculture experimental farm. Several spectral features in the emissivity spectra of plant species were observed that are probably related to the leaf chemical constituents, such as cellulose and xylan (hemicellulose) M. R. Pandya (*) : S. Panigrahy : J. S. Parihar Space Applications Centre, ISRO, Ahmedabad 380015, India e-mail: [email protected] D. B. Shah Department of Physics, S. P. University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, India H. J. Trivedi N. V. Patel College of Pure and Applied Sciences, Vallabh Vidyanagar, India M. M. Lunagaria : V. Pandey Anand Agricultural University, Anand, India
and structural aspects of leaf surface like abundance of trichomes and texture. Observations and results from the field measurements were supported by the laboratory measurements like biochemical analysis. These preliminary field emissivity measurements of leaves in TIR show that there is useful spectral information that may be detectable by field-based instrument. More detailed field and laboratory measurements are underway to explore this research theme. Keywords Emissivity . FTIR spectroradiometer . Leaf chemical constituents . Remote sensing . Thermal infrared
Introduction The fundamental spectral features of vegetation in the visible to shortwave infrared (0.4–2.5 μm) region and their origins have been studied extensively, but insufficient attention has been paid to plant thermal infrared (TIR: 4–12 μm) properties. Spectral emissive characteristics of vegetation targets in TIR region are important for understanding the fundamental emission properties of vegetation targets as well as the exchange of radiant energy between the biosphere and the atmosphere. This spectral region contains many fundamental absorption bands associated with specific molecular bands. The TIR
J Indian Soc Remote Sens
spectral characteristics of several mineral species have been studied intensively and reported in the literature (e.g. Elvidge 1988; Salisbury et al. 1987; Salisbury and D’Aria 1992). Similar level of understanding and documentation has yet to be achieved for vegetation. Ribeiro da Luz and Crowley (2007) have reported that various plant species have a variety of spectral features related to differe
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