Fluoropolymer/ceramic matrix as a polymer electrolyte in Li-ion batteries: a case study on the influence of polyether in
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Fluoropolymer/ceramic matrix as a polymer electrolyte in Li-ion batteries: a case study on the influence of polyether into PVdF/BaTiO3 matrix via immersion precipitation S. Aadheeshwaran 1 & K. Sankaranarayanan 1 & V. Ganesh 2 Received: 9 September 2020 / Revised: 23 October 2020 / Accepted: 30 October 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The influence of polyether compound on the preparation of composite polymer electrolyte (CPE) membrane based on poly(vinylidene difluoride) (PVdF) matrix via spinning cum immersion precipitation technique is investigated with different weight ratios of polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000). The addition of polyether compound into the composite polymer matrix is found to improve the physico-chemical properties such as porosity, electrolyte absorption, and ionic conductivity of the resultant membranes. The maximum ionic conductivity of the fabricated PVdF(80%)/PEG(10%)/BaTiO3(5%) based LiFePO4|B2-CPE|Li system is determined to be 9.4 mS cm−1 at room temperature that is favorable for exhibiting good electrochemical performances. The Li+ transference number is computed to be 0.23 for B2 composite polymer electrolyte based symmetric cell. At 0.2C rate, the LiFePO4|B2-CPE|Li cell showed a good discharge capacity of 144.3 mAh g−1 and improved the capacity retention up to 98.4% after 50 cycles. The findings suggest that the porous composite PVdF electrolyte is a promising candidate for lithium-ion batteries. Keywords Pore forming additive . Fluoropolymer composite electrolyte membrane . Immersion precipitation . Transference number . Li-ion batteries
Introduction Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been extensively utilized as energy conversion and storage devices in laptops, computers, digital cameras, and mobile phones owing to their interesting properties such as high energy density, high specific energy, high operational voltages, and low self-discharge rate [1–4]. On this aspect, composite polymer electrolyte (CPE) plays an essential role to satisfy the necessities of portable electronic devices and energy storage systems. Currently, conventional separators used in these devices mainly suffer from poor thermal * K. Sankaranarayanan [email protected] * V. Ganesh [email protected] 1
Department of Physics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamilnadu 630004, India
2
Electrodics and Electrocatalysis (EEC) Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CSIR-CECRI), Karaikudi, Tamilnadu 630003, India
stability, porosity, wettability, and low ionic conductivity in addition to higher cost arising from their delicate fabrication processes [5–7]. Polyethylene oxide (PEO), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyvinylidenefluoride-cohexafluoropropylene (PVdF-HFP), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyurethane (PU), polyvinylidene difluoride (PVdF), etc. have been suggested as the polymer matrices predominantly used for the fabrication of polymer electrolytes [8–15]. Among the polymers reported so far, PVdF has attrac
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