Fundamentals of Applied Acarology
Present Book, "Fundamentals of Applied Acarology," is written keeping in view non-availability of any standard text dealing in different aspects of acarology at one place. Separate chapters in this book are devoted to Importance of Acarology, Histor
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undamentals of Applied Acarology
Fundamentals of Applied Acarology
Manjit Singh Dhooria
Fundamentals of Applied Acarology
Manjit Singh Dhooria Department of Entomology Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana, Punjab, India
ISBN 978-981-10-1592-2 ISBN 978-981-10-1594-6 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-1594-6 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016953350 © Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #22-06/08 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore
My Wife: Rajinder Dhooria My Sons: 1. Ramanjot Dhooria: Reena, Sarah and Geet 2. Taranjot Dhooria: Saveena and Mannat
Preface
Acarology, the study of mites and ticks, is a subdiscipline of Zoology and is many times considered in the field of Entomology (the study of insects). Mites and ticks are distributed throughout the world and inhabit almost every ecosystem (both terrestrial and aquatic). More than 55,000 species of mites and ticks are already described, and the number of undescribed species may reach about 20-fold as mite fauna in most of the world regions are still poorly explored. Mites and ticks directly affect humans as pests of different crops, fruit plants, vegetable crops and field crops; as parasites of human beings, veterinary animals, poultry and pets; as pests of stored grains and other products, mushrooms and cheese; and as parasites of honeybees. Mite infestations are responsible for economic losses worth billions of dollars in terms of reduced crop yields and lowered quality of produce. Some species of mites serve as vectors of various plant diseases. Ticks cause losses through blood feeding and by transmitting Lyme disease, babesiosis, Rocky Mountain fever, tularaemia and many other diseases among man and animals. House-dust mite allergies and tick bite alle
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