Fungi-Derived Pigments for Sustainable Organic (Opto)Electronics
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MRS Advances © 2018 Materials Research Society DOI: 10.1557/adv.2018.446
Fungi-Derived Pigments for Sustainable Organic (Opto)Electronics Gregory Giesbers, Jonathan Van Schenck, Sarath Vega Gutierrez, Sara Robinson, Oksana Ostroverkhova
Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
ABSTRACT
We present on the optical and electronic properties of a fungi-derived pigment xylindein for potential use in (opto)electronic applications. Optical absorption spectra in solutions of various concentrations and in film are compared and are consistent with aggregate formation in concentrated solutions and films. In order to improve film morphology obtained by solution deposition techniques, an amorphous polymer PMMA was introduced to xylindein to form xylindein:PMMA blends. Current-voltage characteristics and hole mobilities extracted from space-charge limited currents were found to be comparable between pristine xylindein and xylindein:PMMA films. Side by side comparison of the photoresponse of pristine xylindein and xylindein:PMMA films at 633 nm revealed an increase in the photosensitivity in xylindein:PMMA films due to the improved morphology favouring enhanced charge generation.
INTRODUCTION Organic semiconductor materials are of interest for use in optoelectronic applications due to their low cost, solution processability, and tunable properties. Among various classes of organic materials, over the past decade there has been a growing research effort focusing on green chemistry and on sustainable, natural product-derived materials for organic electronics.[1],[2] Successful examples of the latter include indigo and Tyrian purple dyes, isoindigo, and diketopyrrolopyrrole derivatives which have been used in ambipolar organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) and donor-acceptor (D/A) solar cells.[3] Fungi-derived pigments are a naturally sourced, sustainable class of materials that are currently unexplored as organic semiconductor materials. We seek to explore this novel class of natural product-derived (opto)electronic materials, in this paper focusing on a fungi-derived pigment xylindein, which is secreted from the fungi Chlorociboria aeruginosa and Chlorociboria aeruginascens. Wood stained with xylindein has been utilized by humans in decorative wood products since the 1400s; that the pigment remains blue-green in intarsia artwork aged 500+ years is a testament to its environmental durability.[4] However, optical and (opto)electronic properties of this pigment have not yet been characterized, and our initial efforts towards understanding these properties in xylindein and other fungi-derived pigments are presented here.
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EXPERIMENTAL Xylindein Culturing and Extraction Xylindein is a spalting pigment produced by the wood-eating fungi, Chlorociboria aeruginosa and Chlorocibor
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