Fungi dominate denitrification when Chinese milk vetch green manure is used in paddy soil
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s42832-020-0064-0
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Fungi dominate denitrification when Chinese milk vetch green manure is used in paddy soil Minghe Jiang, Luan Zhang*, Ming Liu, Han Qiu, Shungui Zhou Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
HIGHLIGHTS
GRAPHICAL
ABSTRACT
• We evaluated effects of fungi on N2O emission in Chinese milk vetch-containing soils. • Fungi to contributed to soil N2O production in CMV-amended soils. • Fungi accounted for 56% of N2O emission in CMV-amended soils. • Fungi may be important contributors to N2O production in CMV-amended soils.
ARTICLE INFO Article history: Received April 29, 2020
ABSTRACT
Revised September 4, 2020 Accepted September 21, 2020 Keywords: Fungi Bacteria Nitrous oxide Chinese milk vetch Paddy soil
Fungi play an important role in soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emission in many agricultural soil systems. However, the effect of fungi on N2O emission in Chinese milk vetch (CMV)-containing soils has not been examined sufficiently. This study investigated the contribution of bacteria and fungi to soil N2O emission in CMV-amended soils. We compared soils from an experimental field in the Fujian 2 Academy of Agricultural Sciences that had been treated with 30 000 kg of CMV per 667 m per year with one that was not treated with CMV. We incubated soil using cycloheximide and streptomycin to differentiate fungal and bacterial N2O emissions, respectively. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) was performed to investigate bacterial and fungal abundances in the two agricultural soil ecosystems. The contribution of fungi to soil N2O emission in CMV-amended soils was greater than that in nonCMV-amended paddy soils, with fungi accounting for more than 56% of the emissions in CMVamended soils. Quantitative PCR showed that the ratio of the internal transcribed spacer to 16S rDNA was significantly higher in CMV-amended soils than in non-CMV-amended paddy soils. + Furthermore, soil properties, such as pH (P < 0.05) and NH4 concentration (P < 0.05), significantly and negatively affected N2O emission by fungi in soil, whereas the total organic carbon (P < 0.05) – and NO3 concentration (P < 0.05) showed significant positive effects. Fungi may be important contributors to N2O production in CMV-amended soils, which may create challenges for mitigating N2O production. © Higher Education Press 2020
* Corresponding authors E-mail address: [email protected] (L. Zhang)
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1 Introduction Nitrous oxide (N2O), which is the third most prevalent anthropogenic greenhouse gas, is present at 310-fold higher levels than carbon dioxide, and it has the potential to cause global warming (Lassey and Harvey, 2007; Davidson and Kanter, 2014). Moreover, it is the predominant ozoneremoving substrate (Ravishankara et al., 2009) and a major form of nitrogen pollution (Davidson, 1991). Agricultural soils are essential sources of global N2O production (Ravishankara et al., 2009; Hoben et a
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