Gene Expression Profiling Studies Using Microarray in Osteoarthritis: Genes in Common and Different Conditions
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(2020) 68:28
REVIEW
Gene Expression Profiling Studies Using Microarray in Osteoarthritis: Genes in Common and Different Conditions Weidong Liu1,2 · Yan Jiao2 · Cheng Tian2 · Karen Hasty2,3 · Lijie Song1 · Derek M. Kelly2 · Jianwei Li1 · Hong Chen1 · Weikuan Gu2,3 · Songjiang Liu4 Received: 12 July 2019 / Accepted: 20 July 2020 © L. Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Wroclaw, Poland 2020
Abstract Osteoarthritis (OA), which is characterized mainly by cartilage degradation, is the most prevalent joint disorder worldwide. Although OA is identified as a major cause of joint pain, disability, and socioeconomic burden, the etiology of OA is still not clearly known. Recently, gene microarray analysis has become an efficient method for the research of complex diseases and has been employed to determine what genes and pathways are involved in the pathological process of OA. In this review, OA study results over the last decade are summarized for gene expression profiling of various tissues, such as cartilage, subchondral bone, and synovium in human OA and mouse OA models. Many differentially expressed genes, which mainly involve matrix metabolism, bone turnover, and inflammation pathways, were identified in diseased compared with “normal” tissues. Nevertheless, rare common genes were reported from studies using different tissue sources, microarray chips, and research designs. Thus, future novel and carefully designed microarray studies are required to elucidate underlying genetic mechanisms in the pathogenesis of OA as well as new directions for potential OA-targeted pharmaceutical therapies. Keywords Osteoarthritis · Gene expression profiles · Articular cartilage · Subchondral bone · Synovium
Introduction
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00005-020-00592-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Weikuan Gu [email protected] * Songjiang Liu [email protected] 1
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Hospital of Qiqihaer City, 30 Gongyuan Road, Longsha District, Qiqihaer 161005, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China
2
Department of Orthopedic Surgery and BME‑Campbell Clinic, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 956 Court Ave, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
3
Research Service 151, VA Medical Center, Memphis, TN 38104, USA
4
First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 26 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China
Osteoarthritis (OA), an incurable disease (except by arthroplasty in its symptomatic end-stage), is the most common form of arthritis and as such is the primary cause of knee, hip, and hand joint pain and inflammation in aged people worldwide (Glyn-Jones et al. 2015; Loeser 2017; van der Kraan 2012). OA has been reported to affect more than 37% of people over 60, and is predicted to be the single greatest cause of disability in the general population by 2030 (Dillon et al. 2006; Thomas et al. 2014). Pain
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