General Dentistry for Children with Cerebral Palsy
Dental treatment is considered the greatest unmet health need of the disabled (Kumar et al., J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 27(3):151–157, 2009). Ever since its initial description by Dr. WJ Little in 1861 (initially known as Little’s disease) and later cal
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Cerebral Palsy Second Edition
Cerebral Palsy
Freeman Miller • Steven Bachrach Nancy Lennon • Margaret E. O’Neil Editors
Cerebral Palsy Second Edition
With 1503 Figures and 175 Tables
Editors Freeman Miller Department of Orthopaedics Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children Wilmington, DE, USA Nancy Lennon Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children Wilmington, DE, USA
Steven Bachrach Department of Pediatrics Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children Wilmington, USA Margaret E. O’Neil Columbia University Irving Medical Center Programs in Physical Therapy New York, NY, USA
ISBN 978-3-319-74557-2 ISBN 978-3-319-74558-9 (eBook) ISBN 978-3-319-74559-6 (print and electronic bundle) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74558-9 1st edition: © Springer Science+Business Media, Inc. 2005 2nd edition: © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG. The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
We dedicate this work to the many children, youth, and adults with cerebral palsy and like conditions, as well as their families, who have occupied our practice for the past 30 years. We thank them for entrusting us with their care and for all they have taught us. It is our goal to transmit this knowledge to a broad range of health professionals so other individuals affected by this condition may benefit from the collaborative, comprehensive, coordinated, and interprofessional approach we use in our clinical care model.
Foreword
In 2005, Springer published a landmark textbook with the title “Cerebral Palsy” by Dr. Freeman Miller, Director of the Cerebral Palsy Program at the world-renowned Alfred I duPont Hospital for Children, Nemours Foundation, Wilmington, Delaware. This comprehensive text has becom
