Generation of high-amplitude soliton waves in crystalline materials of different dimensions under high radiative, dynami
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ATTICE DYNAMICS AND PHASE TRANSITIONS
Generation of HighAmplitude Soliton Waves in Crystalline Materials of Different Dimensions under High Radiative, Dynamic, and Temperature Loads O. A. Dubovsky and A. V. Orlov State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation, Leipunsky Institute for Physics and Power Engineering, Obninsk, 249033 Russia email: [email protected] Received December 28, 2010
Abstract—It is shown that beams of highamplitude supersonic breather solitons, phonons, and subsonic excitations of new type (torsions) are generated in crystalline materials of different dimensions under high radiative and dynamic loads near the stability threshold. The dispersion dependences of solitons and phonons in 1D crystals are presented. It is shown that, in 2D crystals beams consisting of six or two (depending on the bombarding particle direction), breather solitons are generated and propagate in certain crystallographic directions. The masses of soliton excitations as particles (coupled complexes of massless phonons) have been determined. It is shown that the subsonic soliton waves of a new type with torsion atomic vibrations are gen erated in 3D nanotubes, along with supersonic soliton waves of longitudinal vibrations. DOI: 10.1134/S1063774511070091
Currently, the experimental study of the dynamic and thermodynamic characteristics of fuel and con struction materials is carried out by neutron spectrom etry in two significantly different energy regions. In the lowenergy region (below 100 meV), the spectral char acteristics of lowamplitude phonon vibrations of atoms are investigated by neutron inelastic scattering. At the same time, the hightemperature kinetic pro cesses are analyzed using the heuristic gaskinetic approach, neglecting the nonlinear character of vibra tions. In the classical theory of highamplitude vibra tions, the most interesting physical objects are the soli ton waves propagating in crystals at high excitation energies [1–3]. Recently, soliton selftrapped waves were experimentally found in αuranium crystals in the neutron and Xray inelastic scattering spectra at high temperatures (~530 K) [4]. Coupled mul tiphonon vibrations (biphonons, triphonons, etc.) were investigated by us in [4, 5]. Most theoretical studies of solitons were previously performed for 1D crystals using model potentials. The number of studies devoted to 2D and 3D systems using the continuum approach and weak nonlinearity is much smaller. It is of interest to investigate the dynamic mechanisms of generation and propagation of solitons using the real LennardJones potential (LJP) with correct asymptotics. Molecular chains can be considered a 1D system. One example of a 2D sys tem is graphene. A graphene sheet rolled into a tube of finite length is a 3D nanotube. Various methods based on the application of ultra sound, IR light, X rays, and bombardment by neutrons
and ions are used in experiments to generate coupled multiphonon vibrations and solitons. It was shown that the beams of supersonic high amplitude breath
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