Global prospects and challenges of latent heat thermal energy storage: a review
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REVIEW
Global prospects and challenges of latent heat thermal energy storage: a review Sumit Saha1 · Abu Raj Md. Ruslan1 · A. K. M. Monjur Morshed1 · M. Hasanuzzaman2 Received: 25 August 2020 / Accepted: 17 November 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Energy is the driving force for automation, modernization and economic development where the uninterrupted energy supply is one of the major challenges in the modern world. To ensure that energy supply, the world highly depends on the fossil fuels that made the environment vulnerable inducing pollution in it. Latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) systems are very potent to address the environmental issues fostering sustainable development, while being able to provide a secured and uninterrupted power supply at the same time. Renewable energy resources are using widely as sources of energy, but the unreliable and low-density technique of energy storage remains a major challenge. At present, thermal energy storage systems are being used widely because of the greater energy storage densities compared to similar other techniques. This paper overviews the current energy scenarios, environmental impact and the global prospects as well as challenges of LHTES. A review of the technologies can provide a base for strategic energy policy for the next generation of sustainable energy policies and helps policymakers to frame strategies aiming for clean technology and sustainable development. LHTES-based systems are found to be the one of the most suitable technologies for energy storage systems.
* M. Hasanuzzaman [email protected] 1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), UM Power Energy Dedicated Advanced Centre (UMPEDAC), Level 4, Wisma R&D, University of Malaya, Jalan Pantai Baharu, 59990 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Graphic abstract
Biomass energy
Biomass energy
Geo thermal
Industry Residenal
Solar energy
Solar energy
Ocean thermal
Power plant
Transport
End-Consumer
Geo thermal
Ocean thermal
Renewable Energy Sources
PCM
Keywords Energy · Energy storage · Latent heat · Phase change material (PCM) · Thermal energy List of symbols cp Specific heat capacity (kJ/kg.K) f Melt fraction m Mass (kg) ṁ Mass flow rate (kg/s) Q Heat storage capacity (J) Δq Latent heat of fusion (KJ/kg) T Temperature (K) t Time (s) ��⃗ Velocity (m/s) V
Subscripts ch Charging dis Discharging EPCM Encapsulated phase change material htf Heat transfer fluid in Inlet pcm Phase change material out Outlet
Greek symbols Ƞ Energy transfer efficiency τ Time/min ρ Density (kg/m3)
Introduction
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Energy supply and emissions are two of the key problems that the world has been facing over the past few decades. The world mainly depends on fossil fuels for power generation. Low cost and abundant availability are the principal reasons for great dependence on fossil fu
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