Health-related quality of life of long-term patients receiving opioid agonist therapy: a nested prospective cohort study
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(2020) 15:68
RESEARCH
Open Access
Health-related quality of life of long-term patients receiving opioid agonist therapy: a nested prospective cohort study in Norway Christer Frode Aas1,2* , Jørn Henrik Vold1,2, Svetlana Skurtveit3,4, Aaron G. Lim5, Sabine Ruths2,6, Kamrul Islam7,8, Jan Erik Askildsen8, Else-Marie Løberg1,9,10, Lars Thore Fadnes1,2, Kjell Arne Johansson1,2 and for the INTRO-HCV Study Group
Abstract Background: Opioid dependence carries the highest disease burden of all illicit drugs. Opioid agonist therapy (OAT) is an evidence-based medical intervention that reduces morbidity and mortality. There is limited knowledge on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of long-term patients in OAT. This study measures HRQoL and selfperceived health of long-term patients on OAT, compares the scores to a Norwegian reference population, and assesses changes in these scores at 1-year follow up. Methods: We conducted a nested prospective cohort study among nine OAT outpatient clinics in Norway. 609 OAT patients were included, 245 (40%) followed-up one year later. Data on patient characteristics, HRQoL, and selfperceived health was collected. HRQoL was assessed with the EQ-5D-5L, which measures five dimensions (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression) on a five-point Likert scale (from “no problems” to “extreme problems”). An UK value set was applied to calculate index values (from 0 to 1) for the EQ-5D-5L and compare them to a Norwegian reference population. Self-perceived health was measured with EQ-VAS (from 0 to 100). Results: Mean (standard deviation (SD)) EQ-5D-5L index value at baseline was 0.699 (0.250) and EQ-VAS 57 (22) compared to 0.848 (0.200) and 80(19) for the Norwegian reference population. There were large variations in EQ-5D-5L index values, where 43% had > 0.8 and 5% had < 0.2 at baseline. The lowest EQ-5D-5L index values were observed for female patients, age groups older than 40 years and for methadone users. At follow-up, improvements in HRQoL were observed across almost all dimensions and found significant for mobility and pain/discomfort. Mean (SD) overall index value and EQ-VAS at follow up were 0.729 (0.237) and 59 (22) respectively. (Continued on next page)
* Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Bergen Addiction Research group, Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Østre Murallmenningen 7, N-5012 Bergen, Norway 2 Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © The Author(s). 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article
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