Hearing Efficiency in Oral Submucous Fibrosis: A Clinical Study
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Hearing Efficiency in Oral Submucous Fibrosis: A Clinical Study J. S. Shah1 • Nutan Lunagariya1
Received: 28 September 2020 / Accepted: 24 October 2020 Ó The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Oral Submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic insidious disease of oral mucosa that occurs due to arecanut chewing, consumption of chillies, autoimmunity and genetic predisposition. The disease starts with burning sensation and inability to tolerate spicy foods with gradual reduction in mouth opening due to fibrosis of the oral mucosa. The extension of fibrosis into the naso pharynx leads to reduction in hearing efficiency. As very few studies had been done to evaluate the hearing disability in OSMF patients, this study had been undertaken to prove the same. To evaluate hearing efficiency in patients with Oral Submucous Fibrosis of various grades of severity. Presentation includes 30 patients of osmf with various grades and evaluated for hearing efficacy by audiometry. Hearing threshold was compared in different grades of osmf. The present study revealed a significant association between OSMF and hearing deficit. Involvement of the palatal muscles with OSMF may decrease the patency of the Eustachian tube, leading to conductive hearing loss. Therefore, the protocol for managing OSMF patients should include ENT consultation and treatment for hearing deficit in order to increase the success rate of treatment. Keywords Palatal Paratubal muscles Eustachian tube Audiometry
& Nutan Lunagariya [email protected] J. S. Shah [email protected] 1
Oral Medicine and Radiology, Govt. Dental College and Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
Introduction Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic insidious disease, affecting any part of the oral cavity and sometimes the pharynx. Although occasionally preceded by and/or associated with vesicle formation, it is always associated with a juxta-epithelial inflammatory reaction followed by fibroelastic changes of the lamina propria, with epithelial atrophy leading to stiffness of the oral mucosa and causing trismus and inability to eat [1, 2]. Symptoms of this disease include burning sensation of the oral mucosa, ulceration and pain, reduced movement and depapillation of tongue, blanching and leathery texture of oral mucosa, loss of pigmentation of oral mucosa, and progressive reduction of mouth opening. Advanced cases show signs of loss of hearing due to blockage of eustachian tubes and difficulty swallowing because of esophageal fibrosis [1]. Amongst structures communicating with the oral cavity the eustachian tube (pharyngotympanic tube) connects the middle ear cavity with the nasopharynx. Opening and closing functions of the eustachian tube are physiologically important [1]. Normal opening of the eustachian tube equalizes atmospheric pressure in the middle ear; closing of the eustachian tube protects the middle ear from unwanted pressure fluctuations and loud sounds. Abnormal or impaired eustachian tube functions (i.e., impaired opening or closing) may cause pathological chan
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