Hepatitis B immune globulin/hepatitis B vaccine
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Hepatitis B immune globulin/hepatitis B vaccine Treatment failure: 4 case reports
In a study, 4 infants (two males and two females) aged 1-11 months were described who exhibited treatment failure following treatment with Hepatitis B vaccine and Hepatitis B immune globulin as post-exposure immunoprophylaxis against mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) [routes and dosages not stated]. A 3-month-old girl exhibited treatment failure following treatment with Hepatitis B vaccine and Hepatitis B immune globulin as post-exposure immunoprophylaxis against MTCT of HBV. The girl’s mother had been chronically infected with HBV before and throughout the pregnancy. The girl was born vaginally and received immunoprophylaxis with Hepatitis B vaccine and Hepatitis B immune globulin after birth. At the age of two weeks, she was negative for HB surface antigen (HBsAg) and positive for anti-HBs. However, at the age of 3 months, she was noted to be positive for HBsAg and negative for anti-HBs. She was diagnosed with HBV infection, indicating treatment failure of Hepatitis B vaccine and Hepatitis B immune globulin. Deep sequencing of hepatitis B surface antigen gene in serum and preserved umbilical cord samples revealed presence of vaccine escape mutants T126A and T143S. A 2-month-old boy exhibited treatment failure following treatment with Hepatitis B vaccine and Hepatitis B immune globulin as post-exposure immunoprophylaxis against MTCT of HBV. The boy’s mother had been chronically infected with HBV before and throughout the pregnancy. The boy was born vaginally and received immunoprophylaxis with Hepatitis B vaccine and Hepatitis B immune globulin after birth. At the age of two months, he was noted to be positive for HB surface antigen (HBsAg) and negative for anti-HBs. He was diagnosed with HBV infection, indicating treatment failure of Hepatitis B vaccine and Hepatitis B immune globulin. Deep sequencing of hepatitis B surface antigen gene in serum and preserved umbilical cord samples revealed presence of vaccine escape mutant T143S. A 1-month-old girl exhibited treatment failure following treatment with Hepatitis B vaccine and Hepatitis B immune globulin as post-exposure immunoprophylaxis against MTCT of HBV. The girl’s mother was a HBV carrier before and throughout the pregnancy. The girl was born vaginally and received immunoprophylaxis with Hepatitis B vaccine and Hepatitis B immune globulin after birth. At the age of one month, she was noted to be positive for HB surface antigen (HBsAg) and negative for anti-HBs. She was diagnosed with HBV infection, indicating treatment failure of Hepatitis B vaccine and Hepatitis B immune globulin. At the age of 6 months, she became positive for anti-HBs. However, the level of anti-HBs was low. At the age of 7 months, she again became negative for anti-HBs. An 11-month-old boy exhibited treatment failure following treatment with Hepatitis B vaccine and Hepatitis B immune globulin as post-exposure immunoprophylaxis against MTCT of HBV. The boy’s mother was a HBV
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