High-Dose Aluminum Exposure Further Alerts Immune Phenotype in Aplastic Anemia Patients
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High-Dose Aluminum Exposure Further Alerts Immune Phenotype in Aplastic Anemia Patients Yao Zuo 1 & Xiang Lu 2 & Xiaochao Wang 1 & Suren R. Sooranna 3 & Liju Tao 1 & Shiqiang Chen 1 & Hongwen Li 1 & Dan Huang 1 & Guanye Nai 1 & Hong Chen 1 & Chunfeng Pan 1 & Caihong Huang 1 & Yanmin Pang 1 Received: 12 August 2019 / Accepted: 29 July 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This study explored the relationship between immunological status and clinical characteristics of aplastic anemia (AA) patients to plasma aluminum levels, which were increased after constant exposure to high levels of this metal. Sixty-two AA patients (33 cases with high and 29 cases with low or no exposure to aluminum) and 30 healthy controls were selected for this study. Aluminum in human albumin solution was measured by inductivity coupled plasma mass spectrometry. IL-10, IL-12, IL-17, and INF-γ levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The distribution of lymphocyte subsets were determined by flow cytometry. The expression levels of immunoglobulins and complement C3 and C4 were also measured. Exposure to high aluminum raised the levels of serum aluminum in AA patients (P < 0.01). The levels of hemoglobin and complement C4 were lower in AA patients with high aluminum exposure (P < 0.05 and < 0.01, respectively). The percentage of CD4+ T cells and the ratio of CD4+/ CD8+T cells in peripheral blood in AA patients with high aluminum exposure were higher compared with control AA patients (P < 0.05 in both cases), while the percentage of CD8+ T cells was significantly lower than that in nonaluminum–exposed AA patients (P < 0.05). Compared with non-aluminum–exposed AA patients, the level of IL-10 in the high aluminum–exposed AA group was significantly higher (P < 0.05 in both cases). The immunological and clinical characteristics of AA patients from regions of high aluminum exposure are different to those in from nonaluminum areas. These results suggest that high aluminum exposure alters the immune system in patients suffering from AA. Keywords Aplastic anemia . Aluminum exposure . Immune function . Cytokines Yao Zuo and Xiaochao Wang are equal first authors * Xiang Lu [email protected]
Guanye Nai [email protected] Hong Chen [email protected]
Yao Zuo [email protected] Xiaochao Wang [email protected]
Chunfeng Pan [email protected]
Suren R. Sooranna [email protected]
Caihong Huang [email protected]
Liju Tao [email protected]
Yanmin Pang [email protected]
Shiqiang Chen [email protected]
1
Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of YouJiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi, China
Hongwen Li [email protected]
2
Department of Oncology, First People’s Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
Dan Huang [email protected]
3
Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London SW10 9NH, UK
Zuo et al.
Introduction Aluminum is a common metal element in the earth crust, which is widely used in the environme
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