How the constituents of fine particulate matter and ozone affect the lung function of children in Tianjin, China
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ORIGINAL PAPER
How the constituents of fine particulate matter and ozone affect the lung function of children in Tianjin, China Jingwei Zhang . Lihong Feng . Changchun Hou . Qing Gu
Received: 1 February 2020 / Accepted: 10 April 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract As the pollution of fine particulate matter (B 2.5 lg/m3 in aerodynamic diameter; PM2.5) and ozone (O3) is becoming more and more serious in developing countries, we, hereby, investigated the effects of PM2.5, constituents of PM2.5 and O3 on the lung function of children in Tianjin, China. The lung functions of 198 pupils from nine primary schools in Tianjin were examined (repeated five times) during the months of October to December in 2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively. And the mixed-effect models were used to evaluate the effects of air pollutants. A 10 lg/ m3 increase in PM2.5 and O3-8h might lead to reductions of forced vital capacity (FVC) in 1.03% (- 1.87 to - 0.19%) and 21.09% (- 25.54 to - 16.58%), respectively, while a 10 ng/m3 increment in ANY might account for the 166.44% (- 221.32 to - 112.31%) decreases in FVC. PM2.5 and O3-8h might be more harmful to the lung functions of female
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-020-00574-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. J. Zhang L. Feng C. Hou Q. Gu (&) Department of Environment and Health, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 6 Huayue Rd., Tianjin, China e-mail: [email protected] Q. Gu School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Rd., Tianjin, China
students and participants with PS exposure at home. And the main sources of pollution resulting in the decrease in pulmonary function might be traffic pollution and coal combustion. Keywords Fine particulate matter Ozone Constituents Lung function
Introduction Fine particulate matter (B 2.5 lg/m3 in aerodynamic diameter; PM2.5), which could easily pass through people’s respiratory tract and directly enter the alveolar deposits, might cause respiratory tract, cardiovascular and lung-related diseases (Zhang et al. 2019; Howell et al. 2019; Abdolahnejad et al. 2017). Compared to the coarse particles, PM2.5 presented stronger hygroscopicity and larger specific surface area. The chemical composition of PM2.5 is very complex that might consist of water-soluble inorganic ions, carbonaceous components and trace elements. The water-soluble inorganic ions and heavy metal components which contain SO42-, NO32-, Cl-, NH4?, Sb, Al, As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Mn, Ni, Se and Tl are one of the most important chemical components in atmospheric particulates. Studies suggested that water-soluble substances might be one of the key factors leading to low atmospheric visibility in haze
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Environ Geochem Health
days (Meng et al. 2019). In general, heavy metal components (Sb, Al, As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Mn, Ni, Se and Ti) might strongly affect human health despite their low c
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