Imbalance Between Salivary Cortisol and DHEA Responses Is Associated with Social Cost and Self-perception to Social Eval
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SPECIAL ISSUE: SALIVARY BIOSCIENCE
Imbalance Between Salivary Cortisol and DHEA Responses Is Associated with Social Cost and Self-perception to Social Evaluative Threat in Japanese Healthy Young Adults Kentaro Shirotsuki 1 Yuichiro Nagano 7
&
Shuhei Izawa 2 & Nagisa Sugaya 3 & Kenta Kimura 4 & Namiko Ogawa 5 & Kosuke Chris Yamada 6 &
# International Society of Behavioral Medicine 2019
Abstract Background Social evaluative threat activates the HPA-axis system, namely cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) responses. Additionally, cognitive and behavioral models in social anxiety, which is aroused anxiety symptoms in social situations, indicate that negative cognitions have a role in the maintenance of symptoms. Thus, the present study examined the relationship between HPA-axis activity and cognitive features in social situations. Method We conducted the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) with 44 male participants and assessed HPA-axis responses, fear of negative evaluation, the estimated social cost, and self-perceptions of their speech performance, which are core negative cognitions in social situations. Results Results revealed that the cortisol-DHEA ratio significantly correlated with self-perceptions of participants’ speech performance (r = .30, p = .044) and the discrepancy between self-ratings and others’ ratings of the speech (r = .44, p = .003). After controlling for depressive symptoms, significant correlations remained (r = .39, p = .01 and r = .50, p = .001, respectively). In addition, the estimated social cost, assessed before the speech task, significantly correlated with both the AUCg cortisol (r = .38, p = .011) and cortisol-DHEA ratios (r = .40, p = .007). Conclusion These results suggest that estimating social costs in social situations, as well as distorted self-perceptions of that stressor, is related to dysfunctional endocrine regulation. Keywords Trier Social Stress Test . Cost bias . Perception . Social anxiety disorder . Social threat . Social situation
* Kentaro Shirotsuki [email protected]
1
Faculty of Human Sciences, Musashino University, 3-3-3, Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8181, Japan
2
Occupational Stress Research Group, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Kaganawa, Japan
3
Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan
4
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Ibaraki, Japan
5
Advanced Research Center for Human Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
Kosuke Chris Yamada [email protected]
6
Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
Yuichiro Nagano [email protected]
7
Bunkyo Gakuin University, Saitama, Japan
Shuhei Izawa [email protected] Nagisa Sugaya [email protected] Kenta Kimura [email protected] Namiko Ogawa [email protected]
Int.J. Behav. Med.
Introduction Psychosocial stressors activate stress circuits within the emotional motor system. The resulting peripheral output appears in the form of cortisol, corticotropin-releasing factor,
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