Immune Oncology Biomarkers in Lung Cancer: an Overview
- PDF / 1,318,114 Bytes
- 12 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 97 Downloads / 169 Views
LUNG CANCER (H BORGHAEI, SECTION EDITOR)
Immune Oncology Biomarkers in Lung Cancer: an Overview Camille Travert 1 & Fabrice Barlesi 1,2 & Laurent Greillier 1 & Pascale Tomasini 1,3
# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose of Review Lung cancer is still the first cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has drastically changed the prognosis of some patients, but the rate of long responders does not exceed 20%. Moreover, ICIs are not adverse events-free and remain expensive. Therefore, predictive biomarkers of long-term benefit to ICI are required. Recent Findings The two main fields being evaluated currently are PD-L1 expression and tumor mutational burden (TMB). The first one is the only one used in routine practice, and the second is being evaluated in phase 3 clinical trials. In addition, other biomarkers are being assessed as complex signatures, tumor-infiltrated lymphocytes, T cell receptor repertoire, or molecular profiling. Summary The aim of this review is to summarize the current validated or promising biomarkers in lung cancer which could help to better select patients who will respond to ICI. Keywords Lung cancer . Immune checkpoint inhibitors . Tumor mutational burden . PD1/PDL1 axis . Immune biomarker . Immunotherapy
Introduction Lung cancer remains the largest cause of cancer-related deaths. Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have deeply changed the prognosis of some patients with advanced lung cancer [1], the rate of long responders does not exceed 20% of the entire population [2]. Moreover, ICIs are not adverse eventsfree and can lead to high-grade toxicities [3, 4]. Finally, ICI cost is high. Therefore, we urgently need to define better patients who will benefit from ICIs and those who will not. There are two different ways to predict ICI response: –
Tumor immunogenicity (antigens production leading to its recognition by the immune system) can be assessed by
This article is part of the Topical Collection on Lung Cancer
–
tumor mutational burden (TMB), genetic and epigenetic alterations profiling, and tumor genotyping. The ability of the immune system to detect an antigen, which can be assessed by immune checkpoints (PD-1/ PD-L1, TIM3, LAG3), expression profile, tumorinfiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), microbiome, and immune signatures.
PD-L1 tumor expression and TMB are the two main biomarkers being evaluated, in clinical trials, but other tracks are being explored. The aim of this work is to establish a synthetic overview of immune oncology biomarkers predictive of ICIs response in lung cancer. Whereas studies mostly focus on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we will also quickly approach the case of small cell lung cancer (SCLC).
* Pascale Tomasini [email protected] 1
CNRS, INSERM, CRCM, APHM, Multidisciplinary Oncology & Therapeutic Innovations Department, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
2
Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
3
Service d’Oncolog
Data Loading...
