Impact of bariatric surgery on carotid intima-medial thickness and cardiovascular risk: results of a prospective study
- PDF / 613,878 Bytes
- 7 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 94 Downloads / 194 Views
and Other Interventional Techniques
Impact of bariatric surgery on carotid intima‑medial thickness and cardiovascular risk: results of a prospective study Aashir Kaul1 · Arun Kumar1 · Aditya Baksi1 · Vitish Singla1 · Sandeep Aggarwal1 · Gurpreet Gulati2 · Rajiv Narang3 · Lokesh Kashyap4 Received: 20 June 2020 / Accepted: 3 October 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Background The impact of bariatric surgery on atherosclerosis is a relatively less studied subject. Obesity has been identified as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), a surrogate marker for atherosclerosis and risk of CVD, has been found to be associated with obesity. Recent literature has shown that there is significant reduction in CIMT following bariatric surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of bariatric surgery on CIMT and risk of CVD in an Indian population. Methods This is a prospective study conducted in a tertiary referral centre in India. Patients undergoing bariatric surgery from December 2017 to September 2019 were included. CIMT measurements and American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA)-pooled cohort CVD risk scores were done before and at 6 months and 12 months after surgery. Results Fifty-four patients were enrolled, of which 70% were females. Mean age was 40.8 ± 10.7 years. Mean pre-operative weight and mean BMI were 115.2 ± 21.9 kg and 45.9 ± 6.5 kg/m2, respectively. Patients who completed 12-month follow-up were considered for analysis of outcomes. There was significant reduction in BMI to 33.1 ± 5.7 kg/m2 at 12 months after surgery (p 7 MHz. To obtain the best image quality, a 30–40 mm depth of focus and frame rate of 25 Hz with gain settings optimized were ensured. Log gain compensation was kept at around 60 dB. Gain was adjusted
13
Surgical Endoscopy
on near and far wall of the vessel to obtain symmetrical brightness. It was decreased as necessary, in the mid part of the vessel to reduce intra-luminal artefacts. All patients underwent one of the three commonly performed bariatric procedures, i.e. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), sleeve gastrectomy or one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB). For RYGB, a biliopancreatic limb of 70 cm and an alimentary limb of 130 cm were used, and for OAGB, a biliopancreatic limb of 200 cm was used in all patients. Sleeve gastrectomy was done using a 38 Fr bougie. Excess weight loss (EWL) and various co-morbidities like type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia and their resolution and improvement were defined as per the American Society of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (ASMBS) outcome reporting standards [10].
Statistical analysis Continuous variables were described as mean ± standard deviation, and categorical variables were described as frequencies (%). For continuous variables, inter-factor correlation was analysed using the Pearson (for parametric data) and Spearman (for non-parametric data) correlation coefficients. Fo
Data Loading...
