Impact of high night temperature stress on different growth stages of wheat
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Impact of high night temperature stress on different growth stages of wheat H. M. Mamrutha1 • Khobra Rinki1 • K. Venkatesh1 • K. Gopalareddy1 • Hanif Khan1 • C. N. Mishra1 • Satish Kumar1 • Yogesh Kumar1 • Gyanendra Singh1 G. P. Singh1
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Received: 22 September 2020 / Accepted: 26 November 2020 Ó Indian Society for Plant Physiology 2020
Abstract Increasing temperature especially the High night temperature (HNT) is a major constriction for sustaining global food production under changing climate scenario. Recent climate change has resulted into events of abrupt night temperature rise either throughout the crop period or at specific growth stage. Historical temperature observations and model projections have predicted a more pronounced increase in night temperature [minimum temperature (Tmin.)] compared to that of day temperatures [maximum temperature (Tmax.)]. Hence, the present study was carried out to identify the most critical growth stage affected by HNT and their effects on physiological, growth and yield traits of wheat. A unique field-based movable temperature controlling system was designed to enhance the night temperature by 5 °C than ambient temperature. The three critical phenological stages of wheat i.e. at GS 15 (before tillering initiation), GS 45 (booting) and GS 75 (grain filling) of Zadok’s scale were separately subjected to HNT treatment. The results reveals that GS 75 (grain filling) was the most sensitive stage affected by HNT, which has recorded remarkable reduction in grain yield (GY), Harvest Index (HI), Thousand grain weight (TGW) and grain weight per spike (GWPS) compared to control treatment. Pearson correlation analysis showed that breeders can choose lines with higher TGW, GWPS and grain number per spike (GNPS) for obtaining better GY under HNT conditions and vegetative/booting stage HNT in field condition may not attribute for any significant yield loss. & H. M. Mamrutha [email protected] 1
ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana 132 001, India
Keywords Triticum aestivum L. High night temperature (HNT) Wheat Heat stress Physiological traits Yield traits
Introduction Agricultural production is the most susceptible sector to climate change. The astonishing rise in temperature presents an alarming situation to agriculture world globally. The extreme temperature events are anticipated to become more frequent, more severe, and long lasting than what is being currently observed (Meehl et al. 2007). Fifth assessment report of IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) predicted that global mean temperatures will persist to rise over the twenty-first century. The expected alteration in worldwide mean surface air temperature for the mid (2046–2065) and late (2081–2100) 21st century compared to the reference period of 1986–2005 are 1.0–2.0 °C and 1.0–3.7 °C, respectively (Stocker and Wuebbles 2013). Retrospective analysis highlighted widespread considerable changes in maximum (Tmax.) and minimum (Tmin.) temperature extremes du
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