In-situ electromechanical testing and loading system for dynamic cell-biomaterial interaction study
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In-situ electromechanical testing and loading system for dynamic cell-biomaterial interaction study Lingda Meng 1 & Guilan Xue 1 & Qingjie Liu 1 & Tianpeng Xie 1 & Duan Fan 2 & Xue Gou 1
# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The mechanical and electrical properties of biomaterials are essential in cell function regulation during cell-biomaterial interaction. However, previous studies focused on probing cell regulation mechanisms under one type of stimulus, and a platform that enables the study of electromechanical coupling effects of a biomaterial on cells is still lacking. Here, we present an in-situ electromechanical testing and loading system to image live cells when co-cultured with electroactive biomaterials. The system can provide accurate and repeatable stretch on biomaterials and cells to mimic in vivo tension microenvironment. Besides, the integrated displacement transducer, force sensor, and electrical signal detector enable the real time detection of electromechanical signals on electroactive biomaterials under various stretch loading. Combined with a microscope, live cell imaging can be realized to probe cell behavior. The feasibility of the system is validated by culturing mesenchymal stem cells on piezoelectric nanofiber and conductive hydrogel. Experiment results show the device as a reliable and accurate tool to investigate electromechanical properties of biomaterials and probe essential features of live cells. Our system provides a way to correlate cell behavior with electromechanical cues directly and is useful for exploration of cell function during cell-biomaterial interaction. Keywords Electroactive biomaterial . Uniaxial stretch . Live cell imaging . Microenvironment
1 Introduction The developments of biomaterials with versatile functionality have significantly impacts on medical sciences, showing potential in tissue healing and engineering treatments. In recent years, it is shown that many factors besides biochemical cues (e.g., stress/strain, stiffness, geometrical constraints, magnetic signal, and electrical signal) play important roles in regulating cell proliferation and differentiation during cell-biomaterial interactions (Baker et al. 2015; Bose et al. 2012; Liu et al. 2017; Ribeiro et al. 2015). While experiments have been implemented to identify key stimuli and their roles in cell regulation, the underlying
* Duan Fan [email protected] * Xue Gou [email protected] 1
Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), and Institute of Material Dynamics, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, People’s Republic of China
2
The Peac Institute of Multiscale Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, People’s Republic of China
mechanisms remain elusive because of the complexity of cellbiomaterial microenvironment (Wang et al. 2009). One strategy to uncover these mechanisms is through the development of in vitro experiment platform to mimic in vivo microenvironment a
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