In situ hydrogen utilization for high fraction acetate production in mixed culture hollow-fiber membrane biofilm reactor
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BIOENERGY AND BIOFUELS
In situ hydrogen utilization for high fraction acetate production in mixed culture hollow-fiber membrane biofilm reactor Fang Zhang & Jing Ding & Nan Shen & Yan Zhang & Zhaowei Ding & Kun Dai & Raymond J. Zeng
Received: 6 August 2013 / Revised: 17 September 2013 / Accepted: 18 September 2013 / Published online: 3 October 2013 # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013
Abstract Syngas fermentation is a promising route for resource recovery. Acetate is an important industrial chemical product and also an attractive precursor for liquid biofuels production. This study demonstrated high fraction acetate production from syngas (H2 and CO2) in a hollow-fiber membrane biofilm reactor, in which the hydrogen utilizing efficiency reached 100 % during the operational period. The maximum concentration of acetate in batch mode was 12.5 g/L, while the acetate concentration in continuous mode with a hydraulic retention time of 9 days was 3.6±0.1 g/L. Since butyrate concentration was rather low and below 0.1 g/ L, the acetate fraction was higher than 99 % in both batch and continuous modes. Microbial community analysis showed that the biofilm was dominated by Clostridium spp., such as Clostridium ljungdahlii and Clostridium drakei, the percentage of which was 70.5 %. This study demonstrates a potential technology for the in situ utilization of syngas and valuable chemical production.
Keywords Hollow-fiber membrane biofilm reactor . Syngas . High fraction acetate . Clostridium spp . In situ hydrogen utilization
F. Zhang : J. Ding : N. Shen : Y. Zhang : Z. Ding : R. J. Zeng (*) Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China e-mail: [email protected] F. Zhang : K. Dai Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, People’s Republic of China
Introduction Researchers are paying more attention to cleaner and more reproducible biofuels in the face of petroleum crisis and environmental pollution (Angenent et al. 2004). Compared to pure culture fermentation, mixed culture fermentation (MCF) could efficiently utilize a variety of organic wastes, requires no extra sterilization, has consequently low operation cost, has no risk of strain degeneration, and so on (Kleerebezem and van Loosdrecht 2007; Zhang et al. 2013). Therefore, MCF is recognized as one promising approach to recover resources from organic wastes, production of biofuels, and valuable chemicals (Levin et al. 2004; Zhang et al. 2012). However, the direct conversion of organic waste by biological processes is difficult, and a significant amount of nonbiodegradable materials remain in the effluent (Xu and Lewis 2012). For example, although lignocellulose is the most abundant renewable organic material, the degradable cellulose (40–50 %) and hemicellulose (20–40 %) are packed with lignin (10–40 %) that are resistant to microbial degradation (Abubackar et al. 2011). The achieved reduction of vol
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