In vitro analysis of the influence of mineralized and EDTA-demineralized allogenous bone on the viability and differenti
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In vitro analysis of the influence of mineralized and EDTA-demineralized allogenous bone on the viability and differentiation of osteoblasts and dental pulp stem cells Bruno Machado Bertassoli . Gerluza Aparecida Borges Silva . Juliano Douglas Albergaria . Erika Cristina Jorge
Received: 3 June 2019 / Accepted: 7 April 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Grafting based on both autogenous and allogenous human bone is widely used to replace areas of critical loss to induce bone regeneration. Allogenous bones have the advantage of unlimited availability from tissue banks. However, their integration into the remaining bone is limited because they lack osteoinduction and osteogenic properties. Here, we propose to induce the demineralization of the allografts to improve these properties by exposing the organic components. Allografts fragments were
Bruno Machado Bertassoli Gerluza Aparecida Borges Silva contributed equally to this work. B. M. Bertassoli Medicine School of ABC, Santo Andre´, Brazil e-mail: [email protected] G. A. B. Silva E. C. Jorge Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil e-mail: [email protected] E. C. Jorge e-mail: [email protected] J. D. Albergaria (&) Laborato´rio de Biologia Oral E Do Desevolvimento, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Cieˆncias Biolo´gicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antoˆnio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]
demineralized in 10% EDTA at pH 7.2 solution. The influence of the EDTA-DAB and MAB fragments was evaluated with respect to the adhesion, growth and differentiation of MC30 T3-E1 osteoblasts, primary osteoblasts and dental pulp stem cells (DPSC). Histomorphological analyses showed that EDTA-demineralized fragments (EDTA-DAB) maintained a bone architecture and porosity similar to those of the mineralized (MAB) samples. BMP4, osteopontin, and collagen III were also preserved. All the cell types adhered, grew and colonized both the MAB and EDTA-DAB biomaterials after 7, 14 and 21 days. However, the osteoblastic cell lines showed higher viability indexes when they were cultivated on the EDTA-DAB fragments, while the MAB fragments induced higher DPSC viability. The improved osteoinductive potential of the EDTA-DAB bone was confirmed by alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium deposition analyses. This work provides guidance for the choice of the most appropriate allograft to be used in tissue bioengineering and for the transport of specific cell lineages to the surgical site. Keywords Bone grafts Cell adhesion and growth Cell differentiation Mesenchymal stem cells
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Introduction Bone tissue shows some regenerative capacity after injury. However, critical-size lesions, which may result from surgery, trauma, infection, or congenital malformation, require grafting to induce the growth and
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