Incidence of Incisional Hernia After Emergency Subcostal Unilateral Laparotomy: Does Augmentation Prophylaxis Play a Rol
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ORIGINAL SCIENTIFIC REPORT
Incidence of Incisional Hernia After Emergency Subcostal Unilateral Laparotomy: Does Augmentation Prophylaxis Play a Role? A. Bravo-Salva1,2 • A. M. Gonza´lez-Castillo1 • F. F. Vela-Polanco1 • E. MembrillaFerna´ndez1,3 • J. Vila-Domenech4,5 • M. Pera-Roma´n1,3 • J. J. Sancho-Insenser1,3 • J. A. Pereira-Rodrı´guez1,2
Ó Socie´te´ Internationale de Chirurgie 2019
Abstract Background Few data are available about the frequency of incisional hernia in an emergency subcostal laparotomy. Our objective is to analyze the incidence of incisional hernia after emergency subcostal laparotomy and evaluate if prophylactic mesh could help prevent it. Methods This study is a monocentric retrospective analysis following STROBE guideline statements of all patients who underwent an emergency subcostal laparotomy between January 2011 and July 2017 in our University Hospital. We compared complications and incidence of incisional hernia between patients who received sutures (Group S; N = 203) and patients with prophylactic onlay mesh (Group M; N = 80). A multivariate risk factor analysis of incisional hernia was performed. An incisional hernia-estimated risk calculator equation was created. Results A total of 283 patients were analyzed. There were 80 patients in Group M and 203 in Group S. In short-term outcomes, length of surgery (213 ± 115 min vs 165 ± 73.3 min, P = 0.001) and hospital stay (16.4 ± 18.7 vs 11.6 days ± 13.4, P = 0.038) were longer in Group M. Long-term follow-up was conducted in 207 patients with a mean follow-up time of 39.3 ± 23 months. Incisional hernia was detected in 29 (19.1%) patients in Group S but in only two (3.8%) patients in Group M (P = 0.008). In the multivariate analysis, a risk factor analysis included wound infection (4.91 HR (2.12–11.4); P \ 0.001), previous hernia repair (2.86 HR (1.24–6.61); P = 0.014), and shock (2.64 HR (1.01–6.93); P = 0.048). Conclusions The incidence of incisional hernia after emergency subcostal laparotomy is high. Risk factors are wound infection, shock, and previous hernia surgery. The use of prophylactic mesh augmentation was safe and reduced the incidence of incisional hernia.
& A. Bravo-Salva [email protected]
J. J. Sancho-Insenser [email protected] J. A. Pereira-Rodrı´guez [email protected]
A. M. Gonza´lez-Castillo [email protected] F. F. Vela-Polanco [email protected]
1
E. Membrilla-Ferna´ndez [email protected]
Servicio de Cirugı´a General y del Aparato Digestivo, Parc de Salut Mar, Hospital del Mar, Passeig Marı´tim 25-29, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
2
J. Vila-Domenech [email protected]
Departament de Cie`ncies, Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
3
Departament de Cirurgia, Universitat Auto`noma de Barcelona, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
M. Pera-Roma´n [email protected]
123
World J Surg
Introduction
Patients and methods
The incidence of incisional hernia (IH) after subcostal laparotomy (SL) has been reported from 4.8% to 33% after subcostal unilat
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