Increasing influenza vaccination coverage in healthcare workers: a review on campaign strategies and their effect
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REVIEW
Increasing influenza vaccination coverage in healthcare workers: a review on campaign strategies and their effect Sofie Schumacher1,2,3 · Jon Salmanton‑García1,2,3 · Oliver A. Cornely1,2,3,4,5 · Sibylle C. Mellinghoff1,2,3 Received: 1 October 2020 / Accepted: 6 November 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Purpose Increasing influenza vaccination coverage in healthcare workers is a challenge. Especially during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, high vaccination coverage should be attained. This review analyzed strategies to increase influenza vaccination coverage in healthcare workers. Methods A literature search using PubMed was conducted and 32 publications on influenza vaccination campaigns for healthcare workers were reviewed for key interventions and resulting vaccination coverage. Results Among key interventions analyzed, mandatory vaccination policies or multifaceted campaigns including a vaccinateor-wear-a-mask policy as well as mandatory declination reached vaccination coverage in healthcare workers of over 90%. Although campaigns solely based on education and promotion or on-site-vaccination did not regularly exceed an absolute vaccination coverage of 40%, a substantial relative increase in vaccination coverage was reached by implementation of these strategies. Conclusion Mandatory vaccination policies are effective measures to achieve high overall vaccination coverage. In clinics where policies are infeasible, multifaceted campaigns comprising on-site vaccination, vaccination stands and educational and promotional campaigns as well as incentives should be implemented. Lessons learned from influenza campaigns could be implemented in future SARS-CoV-2 vaccination campaigns. Keywords Healthcare personnel · Seasonal influenza · Influenza virus · Immunization · Vaccine uptake rate · Immunization programs
Oliver A. Cornely and Sibylle C. Mellinghoff are contributing equally to this work. * Oliver A. Cornely Oliver.Cornely@uk‑koeln.de 1
Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Excellence Center for Medical Mycology (ECMM), University of Cologne, Herderstraße 52‑54, 50931 Cologne, Germany
2
Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne Excellence Cluster On Cellular Stress Responses in Aging‑Associated Diseases (CECAD), Chair Translational Research, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
3
German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn‑Cologne, Cologne, Germany
4
Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Clinical Trials Centre Cologne (ZKS Köln), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
5
Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
Introduction Influenza is a highly contagious disease, causing 4.0–8.8 respiratory deaths per 100 000 individuals annually worldwide [1]. Vaccination is the most effective form of influenza prevention. Children under 5 years of age, chronically ill and immunocompromised patients, the elderly (> 65 years) and pregnant w
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