India (Republic of India)

The raison d’être of the government of India can be expressed in two elements: federalism and the parliamentary form of government. However, there is one contradiction in that statement: the federal parliament always had to allow enough freedom to the sub

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The Forum of Federations Handbook of Federal Countries 2020

Ann Griffiths Rupak Chattopadhyay  •  John Light Carl Stieren Editors

The Forum of Federations Handbook of Federal Countries 2020

Editors Ann Griffiths Centre for the Study of Security and Development Dalhousie University Halifax, NS, Canada John Light Forum of Federations Ottawa, Canada

Rupak Chattopadhyay Forum of Federations Ottawa, ON, Canada Carl Stieren The Forum of Federations Ottawa, Canada

ISBN 978-3-030-42087-1    ISBN 978-3-030-42088-8 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42088-8 © Forum of Federations 2020 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG. The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

Acknowledgements

The Forum of Federations acknowledges the financial support of Canada, Switzerland, Germany, Ethiopia and Brazil. We also acknowledge their longstanding commitment to the Forum of Federations and the idea of Federalism. The editors would like to thank Ozan Ayata and Asma Zribi for research support for this publication.

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Contents

1 Introduction  1 John Kincaid and Rupak Chattopadhyay 2 Argentina (Argentine Republic) 17 Patricia Farah, Moritz Piepel, and Ann Griffiths 3 Australia (Commonwealth of Australia) 29 Cheryl Saunders 4 Austria (Federal Republic of Austria) 41 Peter Bußjäger and Christoph Schramek 5 Belgium (Kingdom of Belgium) 53 André Lecours 6 Bosnia and Herzegovina 65 Dejan Vanjek 7 Brazil (Federative Republic of Brazil) 83 Celina Souza 8 Canada 97 David R. Cameron

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CONTENTS

9 Comoros (Union of the Comoros)111 Ann Griffiths 10 Cyprus (Republic of Cyprus)123 Neophytos Loizides 11 Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia135 Asnake Kefale 12 Europe