Influence of Annealing Treatment on the Structural and Optical Properties of ZnO Nanorods
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1247-C04-13
Influence of Annealing Treatment on the Structural and Optical Properties of ZnO Nanorods Sharul Ashikin Kamaruddin1,2, Kah-Yoong Chan2, Mohd Zainizan Sahdan1,3, Dietmar Knipp4, Mohamad Rusop3, Hashim Saim1 1
Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia. 2 Faculty of Engineering, Multimedia University, 63100 Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia. 3 Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. 4 Jacobs University Bremen, School of Engineering and Science, 28759 Bremen, Germany
ABSTRACT Zinc oxide (ZnO) is an emerging optoelectronic material in large area electronic applications due to its various functional behaviors. We report on the fabrication and the characterization of ZnO nanorods. The ZnO nanorods were synthesized using sol-gel hydrothermal technique on oxidized silicon substrates. Different annealing temperatures were explored in the sol-gel hydrothermal synthesis of the ZnO nanorods. In order to investigate the structural properties, the ZnO nanorods were measured using X-ray diffractometer (XRD). The optical properties were measured using ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. The influence of the annealing treatment on the structural and optical properties of the ZnO nanorods will be revealed and discussed in this paper. INTRODUCTION Recently, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures such as nanorods and nanowires of desirable dimension attracted significant attentions due to their unique electronic and optical properties compared to bulk structure [1-5]. The ZnO has wide bandgap energy of 3.37 eV and large exciton binding energy of 60 meV, which make it a promising candidate for applications such as electronic, optoelectronic and information technology devices including sensors, displays, and solar cells [12]. However, in many applications both the size and the shape of the ZnO particles determine the material properties and therefore the performance of the devices [4,5]. The onedimensional (1-D) nanostructured ZnO with different morphologies have been reported, for instances, nanorods, nanowires, nanobelts and quantum dots [1-5]. Several techniques were employed to grow ZnO nanostructures, such as sol-gel technique, hydrothermal or solvothermal treatment, chemical precipitation method, molecular beam epitaxy and chemical vapor deposition. Among these techniques, sol-gel method has distinctive advantages due to its lower crystallization temperature, ability to tune microstructure via sol-gel chemistry, conformal deposition ability, compositional control and large surface area coating capability [1]. In this work, we realized the ZnO nanorods on oxidized silicon (100) substrates using sol-gel hydrothermal technique. The influence of annealing temperatures on the structural and optical properties of the ZnO nanorods was investigated. Annealing treatment is widely used to improve structural quality of electronic materials [6]. During the annealing process, dislocations
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