Influence of Carbon Content and Rolling Temperature on Rolling Texture in 3 Pct Si Steel
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INTRODUCTION
GRAIN-ORIENTED electrical steel is mainly used for iron cores of transformers. Recently, as demands for energy saving have been increasing, the grain-oriented electrical steel constituting the iron cores is required to have lower iron loss. There are some theories that the secondary recrystallized {110}h001i inherits from the subsurface layer of the hot-rolled steel.[1,2] Mishra et al. indicated that the large recrystallized grains of {110}h001i in the subsurface layer of the hot band exert a strong influence on the eventual development of a sharp {110}h001i secondary recrystallization texture.[1] The investigation of the origin of {110}h001i in cold rolling is important to obtain good magnetic properties. Several studies have shown that the {110}h001i develops below the surface of the sheet due to the recrystallization from the shear band.[3,4] Furthermore, many previous studies on the formation of cold-rolling textures have been presented using Fe-3 pct Si single crystals.[5–9] Dunn and Koh[5,6] studied two initial grain orientation systems that had a common axis of h110i parallel to the rolling direction or the transverse direction. Taoka et al.[7] carried out systematic studies on the formation of cold rolling textures in Fe-3 pct Si single crystals. These researches revealed the
Y. SHINGAKI, M. TAKASHIMA, and Y. HAYAKAWA, Senior Researchers, are with the Steel Research Laboratory, JFE Steel Corporation, Kawasakidori 1-chome, Mizushima, Kurashiki, Okayama 712-8511, Japan. Contact e-mail: [email protected] Manuscript submitted July 2, 2014. METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A
relationship between the initial crystal orientation and rolling texture. Recently, Rusakov et al.[8] investigated the behavior of deformation twins in the {110}h001i single crystal during cold rolling. They clarified that one of the crystal orientations of the deformation twin was maintained by the activation of different slip systems. Donner et al.[9] also investigated the microstructure of cold-rolling texture using a single crystal. They clarified that there were two types of {110}h001i structures which were formed in shear bands and microbands in the cold-rolling texture. In addition, Littmann[10] investigated the effects of sulfide and carbide precipitates on the recrystallization and the grain growth behavior in Fe-3 pct Si. The changes of recrystallization temperature and the rate of primary grain growth were observed. For example, sulfide raised the recrystallization temperature and retarded primary grain growth, on the other hand carbide had the opposite effects. Konishi et al.[11] studied the influence of carbide precipitations on rolling and recrystallization texture in non-silicon steel single crystals which had initial grain orientation {110}h001i. When the solute carbon was contained in a specimen before cold rolling, the scattering of cold-rolling texture became larger. And then inside {111} deformed grains, the origin of {110} recrystallized grains easily forms. In order to manufacture grain-oriented
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