Influence of Technological Media on the Mechanical and Physical Properties of Materials for Fuel Cells
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INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL MEDIA ON THE MECHANICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS FOR FUEL CELLS А. D. Ivasyshyn,1 O. P. Ostash,1, 2 T. О. Prikhna,3 V. Ya. Podhurs’ka,1 and T. V. Basyuk3
UDC 539.4.015:669
We study the influence of technological media of solid-oxide fuel cells on the mechanical and physical properties of Crofer JDA alloy and the materials based on the Ti 3AlC 2 -type MAX-phase. It is shown that Ti 3AlC 2 and Ti 3AlC 2 –Nb materials with a porosity of 1% are comparable with Crofer JDA alloy by electric conductivity but possess higher strength and heat resistance than this alloy for lower density. These results enable us to recommend the investigated materials for manufacturing the interconnects of solid-oxide fuel cells. Keywords: solid-oxide fuel cell, interconnect, МАХ-phase, high temperature, hydrogen, electric conductivity, strength, heat resistance.
Solid-oxide fuel cells (SOFC) whose operation is based on the direct transformation of the energy of chemical reactions into electric energy can be regarded as highly efficient and ecologically pure sources of energy. Their efficiency coefficient constitutes 40–55% [1]. As for their structural features, SOFC can be split into tubular and plane. The latter prove to be more promising because their productivity is higher and their manufacturing is simpler [2]. They consist of a collection of elementary fuel cells (plates with the layers of anode, solid electrolyte, and cathode) connected by the so-called interconnects (Fig. 1). Interconnects are used for multifunctional purposes. Thus, they can be applied as a frame for mounting elementary fuel cells, or for the delivery of high-temperature gaseous media to the (reducing) anode and (oxidizing) cathode, or as a current lead. Hence, the materials used for manufacturing interconnects should have the following properties [3, 4]: — high electric (specific surface resistance lower than 0.1 Ω ⋅ cm 2 ) and thermal (more than 5 W m –1⋅ K –1) conductivities; — satisfactory microstructural, chemical, and phase stability at temperatures of up to 800°С; — high resistance to the negative influence of high-temperature reducing and oxidizing media for the entire period of operation (more than 40,000 h); — the coefficient of thermal expansion comparable with the coefficients typical of the materials of anode, electrolyte, and cathode (about 10.5 ⋅10 – 6 K –1 ); 1 2 3
Karpenko Physicomechanical Institute, Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences, Lviv, Ukraine. Corresponding author; e-mail: [email protected].
Bakul’ Institute of Superhard Materials, Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences, Kyiv, Ukraine.
Translated from Fizyko-Khimichna Mekhanika Materialiv, Vol. 51, No. 2, pp. 7–14, March–April, 2015. Original article submitted October 28, 2014. 1068-820X/15/5102–0149
© 2015
Springer Science+Business Media New York
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А. D. IVASYSHYN, O. P. OSTASH, T. О. PRIKHNA, V. YA. PODHURS’KA,
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T. V. BASYUK
Fig. 1. Schematic view of the elements of SOFC: (1) interconnect, (2) cathode, (3) electrolyte, (4) a
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