Ionospheric Anomalies During the March 2013 Geomagnetic Storm from BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) Observations
Earth’s ionosphere disturbances triggered by the geomagnetic storm usually affect the propagation of radio electromagnetic wave. The mid-geomagnetic storm occurred in March 2013 with Dst index of up to −132 nT, which may disturb signal tracking and positi
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Ionospheric Anomalies During the March 2013 Geomagnetic Storm from BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) Observations Rui Jin, Shuanggen Jin and Xuelin Tao Abstract Earth’s ionosphere disturbances triggered by the geomagnetic storm usually affect the propagation of radio electromagnetic wave. The mid-geomagnetic storm occurred in March 2013 with Dst index of up to -132 nT, which may disturb signal tracking and positioning results of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). Unfortunately, LOS TEC series derived from GPS observations contain the ionospheric horizontal gradient information due to the satellites’ movement. Geosynchronous Earth orbit (GEO) satellites of BeiDou navigation satellite system (BDS) give us an opportunity to detect ionospheric variations without horizontal gradient of electron density affection. In this paper, the Beidou stations’ data provided by multi-GNSS experiments (MGEX) from IGS are the first time used to analyze the geomagnetic storm effects on Beidou navigation system (BDS) and ionospheric anomalous behaviors during 15–21 March 2013. The total electron content (TEC) variations are investigated during this geomagnetic storm using carrier phase measurements from BeiDou GEO satellites in B1 and B2. Dramatic TEC decrease is observed at the main storm and then increases gradually. Hourly TEC scintillation enhances greatly in the next hours of Storm Sudden Commencements (SSC). Although geomagnetic storm effect is global and regional, anomalies difference also can be detected by BDS-GEO TEC observations. Keywords BDS behaviors
Total electron content
Geomagnetic storm
Ionospheric
R. Jin (&) Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China e-mail: [email protected] R. Jin S. Jin Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China e-mail: [email protected] X. Tao School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
J. Sun et al. (eds.), China Satellite Navigation Conference (CSNC) 2014 Proceedings: Volume I, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 303, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-54737-9_10, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014
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10.1 Introduction As we know, Earth’s ionosphere is dispersive medium. Phases and amplitudes of electro-magnetic wave will be disturbed during its propagation in the ionosphere. Basing on the refraction principles, the dual-frequencies observation of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) can be used to monitor the Earth’s ionosphere [1–3]. After the recent decades development, GNSS ionosphere monitoring has been become one of the most important GNSS applications. Comparing to traditional ionosphere detection, GNSS ionosphere monitoring has better temporal-spatial resolution. Up to now, GNSS ionosphere monitoring has two approaches through GNSS observations. One is the Earth’s ionosphere total electron content (TEC) modelling from ground-based GNSS observations, another way is used by the space-borne GNSS radio occultation. Since 1998, International GNSS S
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