Irradiance-driven 20-hydroxyecdysone production and morphophysiological changes in Pfaffia glomerata plants grown in vit
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Irradiance-driven 20-hydroxyecdysone production and morphophysiological changes in Pfaffia glomerata plants grown in vitro Tatiane Dulcineia Silva 1 & Diego Silva Batista 2 & Kamila Motta Castro 1 & Evandro Alexandre Fortini 1 & Sérgio Heitor Sousa Felipe 1 & Amanda Mendes Fernandes 1 & Raysa Mayara Jesus Sousa 3 & Kristhiano Chagas 1 & José Victor Siqueira da Silva 1 & Ludmila Nayara Freitas Correia 1 & Gabriela Torres-Silva 1 Letícia Monteiro Farias 4 & Wagner Campos Otoni 1
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Received: 2 May 2020 / Accepted: 14 September 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Pfaffia glomerata possesses potential pharmacological and medicinal properties, mainly owing to the secondary metabolite 20hydroxyecdysone (20E). Increasing production of biomass and 20E is important for industrial purposes. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of irradiance on plant morphology and production of 20E in P. glomerata grown in vitro. Nodal segments of accessions 22 and 43 (Ac22 and Ac43) were inoculated in culture medium containing MS salts and vitamins. Cultures were maintained at 25 ± 2 °C under a 16-h photoperiod and subjected to irradiance treatments of 65, 130, and 200 μmol m−2 s−1 by fluorescent lamps. After 30 days, growth parameters, pigment content, stomatal density, in vitro photosynthesis, metabolites content, and morphoanatomy were assessed. Notably, Ac22 plants exhibited 10-fold higher 20E production when cultivated at 200 μmol m−2 s−1 than at 65 μmol m−2 s−1, evidencing the importance of light quantity for the accumulation of this metabolite. 20E production was twice as high in Ac22 as in Ac43 plants although both accessions responded positively to higher irradiance. Growth under 200 μmol m−2 s−1 stimulated photosynthesis and consequent biomass accumulation, but lowered carotenoids and anthocyanins. Furthermore, increasing irradiance enhanced the number of palisade and spongy parenchyma cells, enhancing the overall growth of P. glomerata.
Keywords Brazilian-ginseng . Medicinal plants . Morphophysiology . Photon flux density . Secondary metabolism Highlights • 20-hydroxyecdysone in P. glomerata increases 10-fold at 200 μmol m-2 s-1 irradiance. • Growth at 200 μmol m-2 s-1 augments photosynthetic performance and biomass output. • Higher irradiance lowers carotenoids and anthocyanins. • Increased irradiance favors palisade and spongy parenchyma cells for water transport. Handling Editor: Peter Nick Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-020-01558-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Wagner Campos Otoni [email protected] 1
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Departamento de Biologia Vegetal/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil Departamento de Agricultura, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campus III, Bananeiras, PB 58220-000, Brazil
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Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 907, Fortaleza, CE 60020-181, Bra
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