Is the Oil Seed Crop Camelina sativa a Potential Host for Aphid Pests?
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Is the Oil Seed Crop Camelina sativa a Potential Host for Aphid Pests? Q. Chesnais & J. Verzeaux & A. Couty & V. Le Roux & A. Ameline
Published online: 16 July 2014 # Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014
Abstract Camelina sativa is a Brassicaceae that was commonly cultivated in Europe until the nineteenth century. Recently, it has received much interest as an alternative oil seed crop because of its particular oil composition and low requirements in terms of agronomic inputs and its resistance to some Brassicaceae-chewing insects. However, little is known about the consequences of its reintroduction on piercingsucking insect pests that are not Brassicaceae specialists but that are likely to transmit phytoviruses. In this context, laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the potential colonization of camelina by four major aphid species of northern France. Orientation tests, feeding behavior assessed by electrical penetration graph, and demographic bioassays showed that the polyphagous species Aphis fabae (Scop) and Myzus persicae (Sulzer) were able to land, feed, and reproduce on the plant. They even fed and performed better on camelina than the Brassicaceae specialist Brevicoryne brassicae (L.). Surprisingly, to a lesser extent, C. sativa could also be a suitable host for the cereal specialist Rhopalosiphum padi (L.). The colonization ability of camelina by the different aphids is discussed in terms of the degree of specialization and physicochemical characteristics of the plant. Camelina may therefore constitute a reservoir for aphid species issued from surrounding crops and their associated pathogens. Keywords False flax . Host plant suitability . Aphididae . EPG . Demographic parameters . Phytoviruses . Bioenergy crop Q. Chesnais and J. Verzeaux contributed equally to this study. Q. Chesnais : J. Verzeaux : A. Couty : V. Le Roux : A. Ameline (*) FRE CNRS 3498 Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés (EDYSAN), Laboratoire de Bio-Ecologie des Insectes Phytophages et Entomophages, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 33 rue St Leu, 80039 Amiens, Cedex, France e-mail: [email protected]
Introduction The consumption of vegetable oils in the world is expected to increase by 2 % per year [1]. Although some concerns have been raised relating to potential competition with food crops [2], vegetable oils used for biofuels and biodiesel present many advantages (e.g., natural viscosity, toxicity, and biodegradability) which make them attractive sustainable alternatives to the non-renewable petroleum derivatives [3–5]. These oils can be extracted from major conventional oil crops [6], including soybean (Glycine max), rapeseed/canola (Brassica napus), palm (Elaeis guineensis), sunflower (Helianthus annuus), cottonseed (Gossypium hirsutum), flax (Linum usitatissimum), and peanut (Arachis hypogaea). In northern Europe, rapeseed is the dominant oilseed crop used for biofuel and some pests, and diseases present throughout the plant lifecycle are key constraints to its production [7]. Control o
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