Isolation and Pasthogenicity of Leaf-Spot-Associated Fungi Isolated from Solanaceous Crops Grown in South Gujarat, India
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Isolation and Pasthogenicity of Leaf-Spot-Associated Fungi Isolated from Solanaceous Crops Grown in South Gujarat, India Hardik Naik Jinal1 • Mistry Vibhuti1 • Natarajan Amaresan1
Received: 13 June 2020 / Revised: 5 September 2020 / Accepted: 24 September 2020 The National Academy of Sciences, India 2020
Abstract Leaf spot disease caused by several phytopathogenic fungi is the most common problem in the solanaceous crops. A total of 36 leaf-spot-associated fungal species were isolated from brinjal, tomato, and chilli crops, which were identified by rDNA sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region. These fungal species belonged to eight genera (Aspergillus spp, Alternaria spp, Sarocladium spp, Nigrospora spp, Corynespora spp, Chaetomium spp, Penicillium spp, and Fusarium spp). The results of the pathogenicity test of the isolates revealed that eight isolates had similar characteristics even in cross-inoculation with brinjal, tomato, and chilli crops. Twenty-two isolates showed pathogenicity in their respective hosts and crosspathogenicity of any one of the plants tested. The results suggest that periodic monitoring of leaf spot pathogen distribution in the field can shed light on tentative emergence of new diseases. Keywords Alternaria Aspergillus Leaf spot disease Pathogenicity Solanaceous crops Significance Statement Survey and identification of leaf-spotcausing pathogens in solanaceous plants showed the occurrence of wide range of fungal pathogens belonged to eight genera. This study suggests that periodic monitoring is necessary for identification and distribution of tentative emergence of new diseases of leaf spot pathogens in the field. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s40009-020-01024-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. & Natarajan Amaresan [email protected] 1
C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Maliba Campus, Bardoli, Surat 394 350, Gujarat, India
Vegetables belonging to solanaceous family are important due to their nutritional value and are regularly used by 95% of Indian population. During the last two decades, considerable emphasis has been laid on increasing the production of vegetable crops in India [1]. However, a number of microorganisms affect the production of these crops, especially fungal, viral, bacterial, and nematodal diseases. Owing to these diseases, considerable yield losses occur throughout the world [2]. Diseases caused by fungal pathogens include leaf spot, wilt, damping off, rust, blight, leaf curl, dieback, rot, canker, and anthracnose. Among these diseases, leaf spot is less studied in solanaceous plants [3]. The leaf spot disease caused by several phytopathogenic fungi is the most common problem observed in the solanaceous crops. Usually, the circular necrotic lesions are the symptoms manifested on the solanaceous crops leaves from the seedling to maturing stage. Leaf spot disease significantly affects the yi
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