Ketamine
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Ketamine dependence following abuse: 7 case reports In a retrospective study, 7 patients (5 men and 2 women) aged 19-26 years were described who developed drug dependence due to ketamine abuse [dosages and routes not stated]. All the patients were admitted for drug dependence following chronic ketamine use (abuse). The dose of ketamine ranged 1–4g/day. All patients used ketamine for a period ranged 1.5–10 years. All patients underwent detoxification, and their excretion profiles of ketamine and its metabolites in urine after their last use was tested. The urine samples were obtained as spot samples on a regular basis and were analysed using ultra-performance liquid chromatograph tandem-mass spectrometry method. Out of the 7 patients, who made ketamine abuse, 4 patients also showed positive for co-abuse of benzodiazepines, cannabis, alcohol, cocaine or diazepam. Ketamine metabolites (norketamine and dehydronorketamine) were also evident. The patients had ketamine, norketamine and dehydronorketamine levels of 1.6->500 ng/mL, 2.4->500 ng/mL and 28.0->500 ng/mL, respectively. De Jong LAA, et al. Prolonged Ketamine and Norketamine Excretion Profiles in Urine after Chronic Use: A Case Series. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology 40: 803519678 300-304, No. 3, May-Jun 2020. Available from: URL: http://doi.org/10.1097/JCP.0000000000001191
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Reactions 5 Dec 2020 No. 1833
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