Leishmania infantum Infection in a Domestic Cat: A Real Threat or an Occasional Finding?
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Leishmania infantum Infection in a Domestic Cat: A Real Treat or an Occasional Finding? Lais Kelly Amâncio Ribeiro Berenguer1 · Caio Felipe Cavalcanti de Andrade Gomes1 · Janilene de Oliveira Nascimento1 · Jéssica Cristianne Mazer Bernardi1 · Victor Fernando Santana Lima2 · Jaqueline Bianque de Oliveira3 · Carlos Alberto do Nascimento Ramos4 · Rafael Antonio Nascimento Ramos5 · Leucio Câmara Alves1 Received: 16 July 2020 / Accepted: 28 September 2020 © Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences 2020
Abstract Purpose Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) has been considered one of the most important neglected zoonosis in the world. In Brazil, this disease passed for an urbanization process and currently pets (dogs and cats) animals have acquired a great importance on its epidemiology. Studies on dogs have been extensively performed throughout the country, but information about infection in cats has been concentrated in few areas. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of infection by Leishmania infantum in domestic cats living in endemic areas for Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis (CVL) in the state of Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil. Methods Domiciled cats (n = 128) were sampled for different biological samples (i.e., blood, conjunctival swab and fine needle aspiration of lymph nodes) that were microscopically and molecularly analyzed through PCR and sequencing. Results Amastigote forms of Leishmania sp. were detected in a single animal (fine needle aspiration of lymph node). This same animal scored positive at molecular examination (blood and lymph node) and the sequence analysis revealed an identity higher than 99% with L. infantum sequences DNA available in Genbank database. Conclusion This is the first molecular characterization of L. infantum infecting domestic cats in Pernambuco. Therefore, veterinary practitioners should consider this putative infection in cats living in areas where canine and human Leishmaniasis has been reported. Keywords Feline leishmaniasis · Molecular diagnosis · Zoonosis Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a vector-borne disease caused by intracellular protozoa of the genus Leishmania [1] * Lais Kelly Amâncio Ribeiro Berenguer [email protected] 1
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco CEP: 52171‑900, Brazil
2
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe, Nossa Senhora da Gloria, Sergipe, Brazil
3
Department of Biology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
4
Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
5
Laboratory of Parasitology, Federal University of Agreste de Pernambuco, Garanhuns, Pernambuco, Brazil
and transmitted by insect sand flies of the genera Lutzomyia (in the New World) and Phlebotomus (in the Old World) [2]. Currently, it is considered one of the most important neglected protozoa infec
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