Longer sleep duration may negatively affect renal function
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NEPHROLOGY - ORIGINAL PAPER
Longer sleep duration may negatively affect renal function Mohsen Mazidi1 · Niloofar Shekoohi2 · Niki Katsiki3 · Maciej Banach4,5,6 Received: 17 August 2020 / Accepted: 24 August 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Background Observational studies evaluating the link between sleep duration and kidney function reported controversial results. In the present study, Mendelian randomization analysis was applied to obtain unconfounded estimates of the casual association of genetically determined sleep duration with estimated glomerular filtration rate and the risk of chronic kidney disease. Methods Data from the largest genome-wide association studies on self-reported and accelerometer-derived sleep duration, estimated glomerular filtration rate and chronic kidney disease were analysed in total, as well as separately in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals. Inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, weighted median-based method, MR-Egger and MR-Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier (MR-PRESSO) were applied, as well as the leave-one-out method to rule out the impact of single single-nucleotide polymorphism. Results Individuals with genetically longer self-reported sleep duration had a higher chronic kidney disease risk (IVW: β = 0.358, p = 0.047). Furthermore, in non-diabetics, longer self-reported sleep duration was negatively associated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (IVW: β = − 0.024, p = 0.020). Similarly, accelerometer-derived sleep duration was negatively related to estimated glomerular filtration rate in the total population (IVW: β = − 0.019, p = 0.047) and then ondiabetic individuals. No significant association was found between self-reported sleep duration and estimated glomerular filtration rate in the whole population and type-2 diabetes mellitus patients. None of the estimated associations was subjected to a significant level of heterogeneity. MR-PRESSO analysis did not show any chance of outliers for all estimates. The pleiotropy test also indicated low chance of pleiotropy. The leave-one-out method demonstrated that the links were not driven by single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Conclusions For the first time, the present study shed a light on the potential harmful effects of longer sleep duration (measured both objectively and subjectively) on kidney function. This finding was observed in the total population and in nondiabetic individuals, but not in those with diabetes. Further research is needed to elucidate the links between sleep duration, estimated glomerular filtration rate and the risk of chronic kidney disease. Keywords Mendelian randomization · Sleep duration · Chronic kidney disease · Estimated glomerular filtration rate
* Mohsen Mazidi [email protected] * Maciej Banach [email protected] 1
2
Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, St Thomas’ Campus, Lambeth Palace Road, London SE1 7EH, UK Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, University of Med
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