Marangoni Forced Convective Flow of Second Grade Fluid with Irreversibility Analysis and Chemical Reaction
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Marangoni Forced Convective Flow of Second Grade Fluid with Irreversibility Analysis and Chemical Reaction T. Hayat1 · Sohail A. Khan1 · Ahmed Alsaedi2 · Habib M. Fardoun3 Received: 5 July 2020 / Accepted: 21 October 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Here we analyze the Marangoni convective magnetohydrodynamic flow of second grade liquid. Heat transportation is discussed through Joule heating and viscous dissipation. Characteristics of thermo-diffusion and diffusion-thermo are also considered. Gibbs–Marangoni effect is the solutal transfer along the boundary between liquids as a result of gradient of surface tension. Furthermore Bénard–Marangoni convection is the temperature dependence phenomenon. Irreversibility communication is developed through thermodynamic second law. Characteristics of entropy optimization with chemical reaction are discussed. Nonlinear system is converted to ordinary system. Optimal Homotopy analysis method (OHAM) is employed to get convergent solutions. Variation of different sundry variables on velocity field, concentration, entropy rate, Bejan number, and temperature are scrutinized. Larger Marangoni ratio variable boosted the velocity field. Velocity field is reduced for higher magnetic variable. An augmentation occurs in temperature versus Dufour number. Temperature distribution boosted against magnetic and fluid variables. Concentration gets reduced versus larger Soret number. Higher Marangoni ratio variable decays the concentration. Larger approximation of magnetic variable enhances entropy rate. Bejan number and entropy rate have opposite trend for fluid variable. Entropy rate boosted via higher Brinkman number. Keywords Chemical reaction · Entropy generation · Joule heating · Second grade liquid · Soret and dufour effects · Viscous dissipation
* Sohail A. Khan [email protected] 1
Department of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University, 45320, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
2
Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics (NAAM) Research Group, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80207, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
3
Department of Information Systems, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Vol.:(0123456789)
11
Page 2 of 21
International Journal of Thermophysics
(2021) 42:11
1 Introduction Marangoni convection is significant through the variations of gradients of surface tension. Dissipative boundary flows is thin dissipative layers may perhaps form nearby free surfaces when the properly Reynolds number is very large. These layers are known as Marangoni boundary layers. Marangoni convection is of different types, like buoyant and natural boundary layers (or joined both of them depends upon the driving movements are due to buoyancy forces only, Marangoni stresses only, or combination of both). Marangoni convection is useful in welding and valuable stone development fields. Basic idea of solutal and thermal transport phenomena in dissipa
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