Mechanical properties and creep behavior of fluoroelastomer under hydrochloric acid environments
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Mechanical properties and creep behavior of fluoroelastomer under hydrochloric acid environments Wenchi Han1,2 · Hongyang Du1 · Shize Li1 · Hanlan Kang1,2 · Qinghong Fang1,2 Received: 12 August 2019 / Revised: 1 December 2019 / Accepted: 8 December 2019 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract Fluoroelastomers are commonly used as seal, gasket or membrane materials in many industrial applications. The temperature- and environment-dependent material property of rubbers will result in degradation and creep. In this study, the effects of both temperature and concentration of hydrochloric acid solution on mechanical properties and creep behavior of fluoroelastomer are investigated. The tensile test results demonstrate that the mechanical properties of rubber after acid treatment show a continual decrease as temperature or concentration increased. This degradation is attributed to the combination of both the swelling of rubber for the matrix which is penetrated by a number of acid solution molecules and the damage of chain networks where the acid–rubber reactions are generated inside. The tensile creep of the acid-treated rubbers is examined under controlled acidic environmental conditions. The creep rate and creep strain are both increased with increasing temperature or concentration. The creep curves are correctly fitted at long times by standard fourelement model to evaluate the contributions from separate creep components. From fitting results, the change of viscoelastic strain component and viscous strain component suggests there are structural rearrangements within rubber chains and deformation of rubber matrix. Keywords Fluoroelastomer · Hydrochloric acid · Tensile creep · Creep behavior · Four-element model
* Qinghong Fang [email protected] 1
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
2
Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber & Elastomer, Shenyang 110142, China
13
Vol.:(0123456789)
Polymer Bulletin
Introduction Fluoroelastomer refers to a kind of elastomeric polymer containing fluorine atoms in the main or side molecular chains. The most well-known properties of fluoroelastomer are their superior chemical resistance and outstanding thermal properties which can be widely used in aviation, aerospace, petroleum and automobile industries [1–3]. In recent years, an essential and significant application of fluoroelastomer based on seals, O-rings, V-rings, gaskets and high-performance membranes is widely adopted in chemical containers, such as proton exchange membranes for fuel cell [4–6], which are in long-term contact with different chemical electrolytes under relatively high temperatures. The electrolyte molecules and ions would penetrate into the rubber to cause rubber aging, coupled with various harsh factors such as heat and oxidation, which brings a severe test for stability and durability of rubber [4, 5, 7–9]. Moreover, rubber will undergo deformation and degradation under the long-time stresses
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