Mechanical Properties and Electrical Conductivity of Poly(methyl methacrylate)/Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes Composites
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RESEARCH PAPER
Mechanical Properties and Electrical Conductivity of Poly(methyl methacrylate)/Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes Composites Nadia A. Ali1 • Seenaa I. Hussein1 • Tesleem B. Asafa2 • Alaa M. Abd-Elnaiem3 Received: 30 April 2019 / Accepted: 18 July 2020 Ó Shiraz University 2020
Abstract Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) remain one of the most efficient reinforcing material for enhanced mechanical and electrical properties. In this study, the effects of multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs) fillers on mechanical, structural, and electrical properties of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)/MWCNTs composites were studied. The PMMA/MWCNTs composites, containing varying MWCNTs concentration of 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 wt%, were prepared by a solution casting method. The mechanical properties of the composites such as tensile strength, elongation, Young modulus, tear resistance, fracture energy, impact strength, and hardness were investigated. Results showed that the mechanical properties of the composites were enhanced significantly. At 0.5 wt% MWCNTs, the tensile strength, elongation, tear strength, hardness, fracture energy and impact strength increased by 397%, 567%, 89%, 27%, 12%, and 36%, respectively, while the Young modulus decreased by 26% compared to pure PMMA polymer sample. Both the dc electrical conductivity and the activation energy increased with increased concentration of MWCNTs. From the electrical conductivity measurements, the percolation threshold was found to equal * 0.55 wt% MWCNTs. Based on the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis, enhancement of mechanical and electrical properties is attributed to the formation of covalent bonds between polymer strands and MWCNTs. Moreover, a mechanism was proposed to describe the influence of MWCNTs on electrical and mechanical properties of PMMA/MWCNTs composites. Keywords PMMA FTIR MWCNTs Tensile strength Tear resistance Hardness Electric conductivity
1 Introduction The application of polymers is on the rise due to their advantages over conventional materials (e.g., metals). Polymers are light in weight, corrosion-resistant, and are easily produced at low cost (Aguilar and San Roma´n 2019; Khutoryanskiy and Georgiou 2018; Nezakati et al. 2018; Yuan et al. 2012). While several advancements have been made in polymer technology, their physical properties can be further enhanced by the addition of different fillers such & Alaa M. Abd-Elnaiem [email protected] 1
Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
2
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
3
Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
as metal particles, semiconductors, organic and inorganic particles, carbon, ceramics and fibers among others (AbdElnaiem et al. 2020; Hussein et al. 2018; Prasher et al. 2006). Polymers modified with different fillers have enhanced structural, optical, thermal, electrical, mechanic
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