Medical waste management in a mid-populated Turkish city and development of medical waste prediction model
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Medical waste management in a mid‑populated Turkish city and development of medical waste prediction model Afşin Yusuf Çetinkaya1 · S. Levent Kuzu2 · Ahmet Demir2 Received: 4 July 2019 / Accepted: 17 September 2019 © Springer Nature B.V. 2019
Abstract Waste remains a very complex problematic issue on human society due to its health and environmental effects, economic aspects and social impacts. Medical waste is in a special classification and is supposed to be more hazardous compared to municipal wastes. Therefore, collection, storage, transfer and disposal of medical waste need more delicate measures. These four cycles of waste handling comprise the waste management system. The amount of future medical waste is important in studies on waste management. In order to form an accurate strategy, the amount of waste that is generated must be known with high precision. Accurate estimation can help both planning and designing medical waste management systems. In the present work, a regression model was performed in order to estimate the amount of waste generated by the hospitals in Aksaray city. The inputs of the model were the patient number in three different age classes (0–15; 15–65; 65 65
GDP per capita ($) Medical waste (tons)
2011 102,007 234,757 42,059 11,205
162
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
171 198 214 224 236 280
103,412 104,314 119,426 100,681 108,542 101,924
237,967 235,559 230,935 252,637 251,877 266,554
41,427 42,933 33,891 33,196 33,254 34,926
11,588 12,48 12,112 11,014 10,807 10,597
Medical waste management in a mid-populated Turkish city and…
Fig. 1 Number of outpatients change by time
was lifted in 2014. Instead, a new system called compulsory health insurance was introduced. Thus, the number of people benefiting from free health services has decreased. The increase in the inpatient number was analogical to clinical patient number. But after 2014, the trend of inpatient number was decreasing. In recent years, the hospitalization rates of patients have decreased. The main reason for this is the widespread use of outpatient health services, including surgical and interventional procedures in outpatient settings. Complex procedures and operations are possible in outpatient facilities because of new medical technologies that prevent complications such as minimally invasive surgical techniques, new anesthesia and pain control techniques and enable patients to return home more quickly. It raised healthcare costs but contributed to the transition from inpatient to outpatient care. The whole trend is shown in Fig. 2. Hospital bed occupancy ratios are an important indicator of a hospital’s ability to properly care for patients. The summary statistics of the number of beds and bed occupancy in hospitals in Aksaray are shown in Fig. 3. The bed occupancy ratio and the number of beds are presented separately for the state and private hospital. The number of beds increased at about 50% in the state hospital
Fig. 2 Number of hospitalized patients
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A. Y. Çetinkaya et al.
between 2011 and 2013
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