Micro-scale Analysis of Compositional and Mechanical Properties of Dentin Using Homotopic Measurements
High resolution techniques are being increasingly applied to image or measure biomaterial properties. Data interpretations from these measurements have to be performed carefully to extract meaningful information. Two aspects become significant when such t
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Abstract High resolution techniques are being increasingly applied to image or measure biomaterial properties. Data interpretations from these measurements have to be performed carefully to extract meaningful information. Two aspects become significant when such techniques are used in a complementary manner. Firstly, the measurements have to be performed using a homotopic methodology such that property correlations or ‘data fusion’ considers the same material volume. Secondly, appropriate mathematical models must be applied to interpret the data in terms of material properties since the high resolution technique seldom measure the properties directly. In this paper, we have described the application of scanning acoustic and scanning electron microscopy to measure the mechanical and the compositional properties of primary tooth dentin using a homotopic methodology. We have then utilized a homogenization technique in order to understand the variation in the measured elastic moduli.
A. Misra (*) Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15th Street, Lawrence KS 66045, USA Bioengineering Research Center (BERC), University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15th Street, Lawrence KS 66045, USA e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] O. Marangos • R. Parthasarathy Bioengineering Research Center (BERC), University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15th Street, Lawrence KS 66045, USA P. Spencer Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15th Street, Lawrence KS 66045, USA Bioengineering Research Center (BERC), University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15th Street, Lawrence KS 66045, USA D. Iacoviello and U. Andreaus (eds.), Biomedical Imaging and Computational Modeling 131 in Biomechanics, Lecture Notes in Computational Vision and Biomechanics 4, DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-4270-3_7, # Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2013
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Keywords Dentin • Micromechanics • Acoustic microscopy • Homotopic • Density
1 Introduction Biomaterials are highly heterogeneous with scale-dependent composition and microstructures. Advances in non-destructive high-resolution techniques have enabled location-dependent measurement of biomaterial physical, chemical and mechanical properties at micro- and nano-meter scales. When complementary methods are applied on highly heterogeneous biomaterials, it becomes necessary that the measurements are performed at the same location for their proper interpretation or cross-correlations. The authors have recently introduced the term homotopic (Greek homos ¼ identical and topos ¼ place) to describe the methodology in which a set of material properties are measured at the same location of the same sample (Marangos et al. 2009, 2011). The methodology was applied to obtain the composition and mechanical properties of a primary tooth dentin. The measurements were performed using scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM) and backscattered scanning electron microscopy (BSEM). This paper focuses upon the interpretation of these measurements using a homogenization m
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