Microhabitat separation between the pest aphids Rhopalosiphum padi and Sitobion avenae : food resource or microclimate s
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Microhabitat separation between the pest aphids Rhopalosiphum padi and Sitobion avenae: food resource or microclimate selection? Wandong Yin1 · Qi Xue2 · Lei Su1 · Xiaopei Feng1 · Xinlei Feng1 · Yanghui Zheng1 · Ary A. Hoffmann3 Received: 30 January 2020 / Revised: 12 October 2020 / Accepted: 3 November 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Niche separation between competing species is a central issue in ecology. As two of the most important pests worldwide of cereal production, Rhopalosiphum padi primarily dominates stems and basal leaves of wheat plants, whereas Sitobion avenae is common on the upper leaves and ears. Here, we investigated this microniche separation by considering effects of food resources and microclimates on the behavior and performance of R. padi and S. avenae on tissues from individual wheat seedlings. Wheat leaves provided favorable food for both aphid species and this tissue had high free amino acid and low soluble sugar compared with wheat stems. Both species preferred microclimates in the lower area of the seedlings where humidity was relatively higher and temperatures were relatively lower. In terms of performance, R. padi was more sensitive to microclimate effects than S. avenae, while the latter species was relatively more sensitive to limiting food resources. These factors may help explain why R. padi is relatively more common on lower microhabitats of seedlings, in contrast to S. avenae, contributing to the microspatial distribution of these species more generally. This information contributes to a better understanding of the relationship between these aphids and their host plants, which may assist in control strategies targeting these aphids. Keywords Bird cherry-oat aphid · English grain aphid · Niche separation · Food quality · Temperature · Humidity
Key message • This laboratory study aimed to explore why Rhopalosi-
phum padi aphids primarily occur on lower wheat stems, whereas Sitobion avenae primarily occur in upper leaves, by considering interactive effects of food resources and microclimates.
• Wheat stems in lower microhabitats provided favorable
microclimates while wheat leaves in upper microhabitats provided favorable food for both aphid species. • In terms of performance, R. padi was more sensitive to microclimate effects than S. avenae, while the latter species was relatively more sensitive to limiting food resources.
Introduction Communicated by M. Jonsson. * Wandong Yin [email protected] 1
State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
2
Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
3
School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
The bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi, and the English grain aphid, Sitobion avenue, are two of the most important pests worldwide affecting cereal production (Pon
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