Microstructure and Strengthening Mechanism of Ti/Cu Laminated Composite Produced by Underwater Explosive Welding
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JMEPEG https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-020-05044-w
Microstructure and Strengthening Mechanism of Ti/Cu Laminated Composite Produced by Underwater Explosive Welding Wei Sun, Jian Guo, Wei Zhang, Xiaojie Li, and Xiang Chen (Submitted December 24, 2019; in revised form May 27, 2020) A laminated structure is applied to strengthen metal alloys by a microstructure design strategy. Explosive welding is an important manufacturing method to realize the joining of laminated composites. Therefore, in this research, three Ti layers and two Cu layers (the thickness of each layer is 0.5 mm) are stacked alternatively to produce a Ti/Cu laminated composite by underwater explosive welding. Different microstructural techniques (i.e., optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy) all reveal that the Ti/Cu laminated composite has a characteristic laminated structure with remarkably fine and elongated grains but no cracks. Tensile testing results indicate that the Ti/Cu laminated composite has a high ultimate tensile strength that is approximately 2 times higher than the estimated value for Cu and Ti mixtures. Microscopy observations reveal that the deformed microstructure and strong bonding interface of the Ti/ Cu laminated composite can activate work hardening strengthening, terminate cracks and inhibit necking simultaneously, which leads to the high ultimate tensile strength of the composite. The present laminated structure with an improved strength provides an approach to strengthen similar metal alloys. Keywords
fine and deformed grains, laminated composites, mechanical properties, strengthening mechanism, underwater explosive welding
1. Introduction Laminated structures comprising metals and alloys that have a good combination of strength and ductility are of interest for special engineering applications because their mechanical properties are better than those for homogenous materials. It has been demonstrated that metals with laminated structures that have been inspired by biological materials have excellent crack initiation and propagation suppression abilities (Ref 1). Recent studies have proven that laminated structures can impede strain localization and block crack propagation by activating multiple crack termination mechanisms and constraining interfaces, which absorb energy, transfer loads and redistribute stresses during deformation, thus leading to an excellent strength-ductility combination. In addition, the unique interface delamination and crack deflection at the laminated structure interface can arrest the propagation of stable cracks. Another finding is that the strong interaction of the layer interfaces in laminated composites can obviously constrain or delay necking (Ref 2-8). Therefore, this paper mainly focuses
Wei Sun, Jian Guo, and Wei Zhang, Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124024, Liaoning, China; Xiaojie Li, State Key Laboratory for Structural Analysis of Industrial Equipment, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116000, Liaoning, China; and Xiang Chen, Institut
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