Microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of copper oxide-based gas-sensitive nanostructures
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Microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of copper oxide-based gas-sensitive nanostructures Ying Li, Yu-Ling Lu, Kai-Di Wu, Dong-Zhi Zhang, Marc Debliquy, Chao Zhang*
Received: 17 June 2020 / Revised: 16 July 2020 / Accepted: 29 July 2020 Ó The Nonferrous Metals Society of China and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Hydrothermal methods are widely used in chemical synthesis of target products with specific morphology and nanostructure. Those methods are very efficient for the preparation of well-controlled structures but the reaction time is usually long. The assistance of microwave makes the reaction system heat up faster, more uniformly and reactions are accelerated, it also can be utilized to change the morphology or structure of materials, which improves the physic-chemical properties of synthesized products and influences its gas-sensing performance. Copper oxide (CuO) is widely applied in semiconductor gas sensors because of its good reactivity and stability. This review article briefly introduces the principle, mechanism and recent development of CuO nanostructures obtained by microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis (MWHS) process. It also discussed the relation between endopathic factors of material and its gas-sensitive performance. The technical challenges and prospective solutions for highperformance CuO-based gas-sensitive materials with unique nanostructure are proposed. It is pointed out that the hierarchical CuO-based nanostructures and their composite materials prepared by MWHS process are efficacious methods to improve the gas-sensitive performance of the
Y. Li, Y.-L. Lu, K.-D. Wu, C. Zhang* College of Mechanical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] D.-Z. Zhang College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China M. Debliquy Service de Science des Mate´riaux, Faculte´ Polytechnique, Universite´ de Mons, Mons 7000, Belgium
materials. On the basis of the morphology, the materials are divided into nanorods, nanoflowers, nanosheets, nanospheres and other nanostructures. The influence of microwave parameters on the properties of synthetic products is analyzed. The influence followed by metal element loading on the structure and properties of CuO-based materials by MWHS process is further discussed. Then this review summarizes the research progress of graphene-CuO and metal oxide-CuO composites prepared by MWHS process in recent years. Keywords Microwave-assisted; Hydrothermal synthesis; Copper oxide; Gas-sensitive material; Nanostructure
1 Introduction In our modern society, there is an increasing need for gas sensors for a lot of applications like pollution monitoring, safety, food industry or medical diagnosis. Indeed, monitoring the concentration of poisonous and harmful gases emitted in the atmosphere [1, 2] (carbon oxides (CO and CO2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), nitrogen oxides (NOx), etc.) is highly important t
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