Modeling multi-tier heterogeneous small cell networks: rate and coverage performance
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Modeling multi-tier heterogeneous small cell networks: rate and coverage performance Moubachir Madani Fadoul1
© The Author(s) 2020
Abstract The rapid growth of small cells is driving cellular network toward randomness and heterogeneity. The multi-tier heterogeneous network (HetNet) addresses the massive connectivity demands of the emerging cellular networks. Cellular networks are usually modeled by placing each tier (e.g macro, pico and relay nodes) deterministically on a grid which ignores the spatial randomness of the nodes. Several works were idealized for not capturing the interference which is a major performance bottleneck. Overcoming such limitation by realistic models is much appreciated. Multi-tier relay cellular network is studied in this paper, In particular, we consider K -tier transmission modeled by factorial moment and stochastic geometry and compare it with a single-tier, traditional grid model and multi-antenna ultra-dense network (UDN) model to obtain tractable rate coverage and coverage probability. The locations of the relays, base stations, and users nodes are modeled as a Poisson Point Process. The results showed that the proposed model outperforms the traditional multi-antenna UDN model and its accuracy is confirmed to be similar to the traditional grid model. The obtained results from the proposed and comparable models demonstrate the effectiveness and analytical tractability to study the HetNet performance. Keywords Heterogeneous network · Stochastic geometry · Factorial moment · Coverage probability
1 Introduction Cellular networks evolve from planned cells to irregularly dense multi-tier networks to satisfy the exponential growth of the wireless data traffic [45]. Many low power BSs are deployed in congested areas, such as shopping malls, stadiums, coffee shops, and etc, to enhance the network capacity and extend the coverage. The collective coexistence of these low power BSs is termed as small cells and the high power BSs are termed as macrocells, so the resulting network is usually known as a heterogeneous network (HetNet) [15,28]. As a variety of infrastructure is being deployed including pico, macro and femto BSs [48], as well as fixed relay stations [32], the deployment of cellular network is taking on a massively HetNet character. As a result of network densification, severe interference is generated. Interference management is the main challenge in deploying heterogeneous cellular networks. Some challenges have occurred in the high
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Moubachir Madani Fadoul [email protected]; [email protected] Wireless Communication Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Skudai, Malaysia
dense networks such as less coverage, cost, co-channel, and intercell interference due to the increase in the number of connected devices [1]. Hence, the resulting interference is also becoming more complicated. Deploying small cells significantly converts the current cellular networks into capacity-driven networks with widearea coverage. However, deploying more small cells i
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